References
- AERC. ( 28-30 September 2010).
- Agency, G. N. (2013, August 1). BRICS membership boosts South Africa's global standing. Retrieved from South Africa Government News Agency: http://www.sanews.gov.za/ features/BRICSmembership-boosts-south-africa’s-global-standing
- Ajakaiye, Olusanya, Francis M. Mwega, Raphael Kaplinsky, & Damiano K. Manda. (11-14 November 2009). www.afdb.org/en/aec/past-aecs/aec2009/papers/
- Alexandrescu, M. ( 2007 , March 8). David Mitrany: From Federalism to Functionalism. TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW, VOL. XVI(NO. 1).
- Arkhangelskaya, A & V Shubin. (2013, September ).
- Bulletin,
- Chief, B. (2011, August 30). Chinese currency could replace US dollar in Africa. Retrieved from Business Chief: http://www.africanbusinessreview.co.za/ money_matters/chinese-currency-couldreplace-us-dollar-in-africa
- Chin, G. T. (2014). The BRICS-led Development Bank: Purpose and Politics beyond the G20. 5(3), pp. 366-73.
- ECA. (2014). https://www.uneca.org/sites/default/files/PublicationFiles/africabrics_2014_fin.pdf
- Fantu Cheru & Cyril Obi. (2011). Chinese and Indian engagement in Africa: Competitive or mutually reinforcing strategies? Journal of International Affairs, 64(2), 91-110.
- Finance., M. o. (2012).
- Ford, N. (2013, November:).
- Freemantle S & J Stephens. (12 February 2013). BRICS Trade is Flourishing, and Africa Remains a Pivot. Standard Bank, . Africa Macro: EM10 and Africa,. Retrieved from https://m.research.standardbank.com/rch?view=16715e15d65cf1904d22850b65e04864fc94- 1.
- Gottwald, J & N Duggan. (2011).
- He, T. (2012).
- Jordan, P. (2010).
- Kim, Y. (February 2013). CHINESE-LED SEZs IN AFRICA ARE THEY A DRIVING FORCE OF CHINA's SOFT POWER? Centre for Chinese Studies, Discussion Paper 1. Retrieved from http://www0.sun.ac.za/ccs/wpcontent/uploads/2013/02/CCS_Discussion_Paper_Africa_SEZs_ and_China_Soft_Power_YK_2013_Final.pdf
- Konina, N. (2018). 'Issues of modern Geoeconomics', 16(2),. ( 16(2)), pp.186-196.
- Lintao, Y. (2012, February 9). http://www.bjreview.com.cn/world/txt/2012-02/06/content_423772.htm
- M. Fujita, G. Liang, P. Mallampally & A. Miroux. (2007). Asian foreign direct investment in Africa: towards a new era of cooperation among developing countries. New York: United Nations.
- Majokweni, Nomaxabiso. (2012, June 26). Comments to the ANC Business Forum. Johannesburg., South Africa.
- Mawdsley, E & G McCann. (2010).
- O'Neill, J. (2001). Building better global economic BRICs. Goldman Sachs.
- O'Neill, J. (2003). Dreaming with BRICS:The path to 2050. Goldman Sachs
- Partridge, A. (2013, October 2). Africa-South Africa trading relationship,. Retrieved from [Accessed 27 April 2017]. www.tralac.org: http://www.tralac.org/files/2013/10/Africa-South-Africa-trading-relationship_Synopsis.pdf
- Pentland, C. (1990). Integration, Interdependence, and Institutions: Approaches to International Order. Toronto: Canada. Toronto, Canada.: Harcourt Jovonovich.
- Raphael Kaplinsky & Mike Morris. (November 2006). ‘The Structure of Supply Chains and Their Implications for Export Supply. Nairobi: African Economic Research Consortium.
- Report, C. (2006). White Paper on China's African Policy,. Los Angeles/London/New Delhi/Singapore: SAGE Publications.
- Scott, T. (June 2011).
- Sharma, R. (2012, Janyary 17). https://thediplomat.com/2012/01/india-china-in-border-deal/
- Stolte, C. (2013).
- Sun, Y. (2014). Africa in China's foreign policy
- Suresh Singh & Memory Dube. (2013, 21 February). BRICS and the World Order: A Beginner's Guide. GEG Africa. Retrieved from http://gegafrica.org/images/Stories/BRICSguide/GEGAfrica_BRICS_and_world_
- UNCTAD. (2010). for further discussion on concerns over Southern FDI in Africa. New York: UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION.
- UNCTAD. (2010). UNITED NATIONS Confrence on Treade Development Prosparity For all . Retrieved from https://unctad.org/en/Pages/statistics.aspx
- UNDP, OECD, & World Bank. (2009).
- WorldBank. (2012). Bridging the Atlantic : Brazil and Sub-Saharan Africa, South-South Partnering for Growth. Washington, DC: World Bank. Retrieved from https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/26788
- Xinhua. (2009, July 29).
- AERC. ( 28-30 September 2010).
- Agency, G. N. (2013, August 1). BRICS membership boosts South Africa's global standing. Retrieved from South Africa Government News Agency: http://www.sanews.gov.za/ features/BRICSmembership-boosts-south-africa’s-global-standing
- Ajakaiye, Olusanya, Francis M. Mwega, Raphael Kaplinsky, & Damiano K. Manda. (11-14 November 2009). www.afdb.org/en/aec/past-aecs/aec2009/papers/
- Alexandrescu, M. ( 2007 , March 8). David Mitrany: From Federalism to Functionalism. TRANSYLVANIAN REVIEW, VOL. XVI(NO. 1).
- Arkhangelskaya, A & V Shubin. (2013, September ).
- Bulletin,
- Chief, B. (2011, August 30). Chinese currency could replace US dollar in Africa. Retrieved from Business Chief: http://www.africanbusinessreview.co.za/ money_matters/chinese-currency-couldreplace-us-dollar-in-africa
- Chin, G. T. (2014). The BRICS-led Development Bank: Purpose and Politics beyond the G20. 5(3), pp. 366-73.
- ECA. (2014). https://www.uneca.org/sites/default/files/PublicationFiles/africabrics_2014_fin.pdf
- Fantu Cheru & Cyril Obi. (2011). Chinese and Indian engagement in Africa: Competitive or mutually reinforcing strategies? Journal of International Affairs, 64(2), 91-110.
- Finance., M. o. (2012).
- Ford, N. (2013, November:).
- Freemantle S & J Stephens. (12 February 2013). BRICS Trade is Flourishing, and Africa Remains a Pivot. Standard Bank, . Africa Macro: EM10 and Africa,. Retrieved from https://m.research.standardbank.com/rch?view=16715e15d65cf1904d22850b65e04864fc94- 1.
- Gottwald, J & N Duggan. (2011).
- He, T. (2012).
- Jordan, P. (2010).
- Kim, Y. (February 2013). CHINESE-LED SEZs IN AFRICA ARE THEY A DRIVING FORCE OF CHINA's SOFT POWER? Centre for Chinese Studies, Discussion Paper 1. Retrieved from http://www0.sun.ac.za/ccs/wpcontent/uploads/2013/02/CCS_Discussion_Paper_Africa_SEZs_ and_China_Soft_Power_YK_2013_Final.pdf
- Konina, N. (2018). 'Issues of modern Geoeconomics', 16(2),. ( 16(2)), pp.186-196.
- Lintao, Y. (2012, February 9). http://www.bjreview.com.cn/world/txt/2012-02/06/content_423772.htm
- M. Fujita, G. Liang, P. Mallampally & A. Miroux. (2007). Asian foreign direct investment in Africa: towards a new era of cooperation among developing countries. New York: United Nations.
- Majokweni, Nomaxabiso. (2012, June 26). Comments to the ANC Business Forum. Johannesburg., South Africa.
- Mawdsley, E & G McCann. (2010).
- O'Neill, J. (2001). Building better global economic BRICs. Goldman Sachs.
- O'Neill, J. (2003). Dreaming with BRICS:The path to 2050. Goldman Sachs
- Partridge, A. (2013, October 2). Africa-South Africa trading relationship,. Retrieved from [Accessed 27 April 2017]. www.tralac.org: http://www.tralac.org/files/2013/10/Africa-South-Africa-trading-relationship_Synopsis.pdf
- Pentland, C. (1990). Integration, Interdependence, and Institutions: Approaches to International Order. Toronto: Canada. Toronto, Canada.: Harcourt Jovonovich.
- Raphael Kaplinsky & Mike Morris. (November 2006). ‘The Structure of Supply Chains and Their Implications for Export Supply. Nairobi: African Economic Research Consortium.
- Report, C. (2006). White Paper on China's African Policy,. Los Angeles/London/New Delhi/Singapore: SAGE Publications.
- Scott, T. (June 2011).
- Sharma, R. (2012, Janyary 17). https://thediplomat.com/2012/01/india-china-in-border-deal/
- Stolte, C. (2013).
- Sun, Y. (2014). Africa in China's foreign policy
- Suresh Singh & Memory Dube. (2013, 21 February). BRICS and the World Order: A Beginner's Guide. GEG Africa. Retrieved from http://gegafrica.org/images/Stories/BRICSguide/GEGAfrica_BRICS_and_world_
- UNCTAD. (2010). for further discussion on concerns over Southern FDI in Africa. New York: UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION.
- UNCTAD. (2010). UNITED NATIONS Confrence on Treade Development Prosparity For all . Retrieved from https://unctad.org/en/Pages/statistics.aspx
- UNDP, OECD, & World Bank. (2009).
- WorldBank. (2012). Bridging the Atlantic : Brazil and Sub-Saharan Africa, South-South Partnering for Growth. Washington, DC: World Bank. Retrieved from https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/26788
- Xinhua. (2009, July 29).
Cite this article
-
APA : Atif, M., & Akbar, M. (2019). BRICS and African Region Partnership: Challenges and Opportunities. Global Political Review, IV(IV), 59-69. https://doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2019(IV-IV).07
-
CHICAGO : Atif, Muhammad, and Muqarrab Akbar. 2019. "BRICS and African Region Partnership: Challenges and Opportunities." Global Political Review, IV (IV): 59-69 doi: 10.31703/gpr.2019(IV-IV).07
-
HARVARD : ATIF, M. & AKBAR, M. 2019. BRICS and African Region Partnership: Challenges and Opportunities. Global Political Review, IV, 59-69.
-
MHRA : Atif, Muhammad, and Muqarrab Akbar. 2019. "BRICS and African Region Partnership: Challenges and Opportunities." Global Political Review, IV: 59-69
-
MLA : Atif, Muhammad, and Muqarrab Akbar. "BRICS and African Region Partnership: Challenges and Opportunities." Global Political Review, IV.IV (2019): 59-69 Print.
-
OXFORD : Atif, Muhammad and Akbar, Muqarrab (2019), "BRICS and African Region Partnership: Challenges and Opportunities", Global Political Review, IV (IV), 59-69
-
TURABIAN : Atif, Muhammad, and Muqarrab Akbar. "BRICS and African Region Partnership: Challenges and Opportunities." Global Political Review IV, no. IV (2019): 59-69. https://doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2019(IV-IV).07