References
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- Bennett, W. L. (1990). Towards a Theory of Press-State Relations in the United States. Journal of Communication, 40, 103-125.
- Carpenter, T.G. (1995). The Captive Press: Foreign Policy Crisis and the First Amendment. Washington, D.C.: Cato Institute.
- Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing grounded theory. A practical guide through qualitative analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
- Eisman, A. (2003). The media of manipulation: patriotism and propaganda - mainstream news in the United States in the weeks following September 11. Critical Quarterly, 45(1-2), 5572. DOI: 10.1111/1467-8705.00472
- Entman, R. M. (2004). Projections of power: Framing news, public opinion, and U.S. foreign policy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- Fair, C. C. (2004). The Counter terror Coalitions. Washington: RAND Corporation.
- Frensley, N. (2002) Framing the Attack on America: Media Coverage of the Bush Administration's Crisis Rhetoric. Paper presented at the 60th annual conference of the Mid west Political Science Association, Chicago.
- Friel, H. & Falk, R.A. (2004). The Record of the Paper: How the New York Times Misreports US Foreign Policy. London: Verso.
- Grundmann, R., Smith, D., & Wright, S. (2000) National Elites and Transnational Discourses in the Balkan War: A Comparison between the French, German and British Establishment Press. European Journal of Communication, 15, 299-320.
- Gurevitch, M., Levy, M., & Roeh, I. (1991). The Global Newsroom: Convergences and Diversities in the Globalization of Television News. In P. Dahlgren, & C. Sparks, (eds.), Communication and Citizenship. London: Routledge
- Herold, W. M. (2002). A Dossier on Civilian Victims of United States' Aerial Bombing of Afghanistan: A Comprehensive Accounting[revised]. Retrieved on February, 8, 2012 from http://cursor.org/stories/civilian_deaths.htm
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- Jasperson, E. A., & EI-Kikia, M. (2002). U.S. and Middle Eastern Media Perspectives on the aftermath of the Sept. 11 Terrorist Attacks. Harvard Symposium: Restless Searchlight: The Media and Terrorism.
- Kapila, S. (2002). Pakistan's foreign policy predicaments post 9/11: An analysis. Retrieved from on 08 August 2008. http://www.southasiananalysis.org
- Kasuri, M. K. (2003). Statement by the foreign minister Mr. Khurshid M. Kasuri at the ministerial meeting on combating terrorism held at the un security council, New York (20 January 2003). Retried on February 08, 2014 from www.pakun.org/statements/security_council/2003/01202003-02.pdf
- Kellner, D. (2007). Bush speak and the Politics of Lying: Presidential Rhetoric in the
- Khan, A. M. (2008). The Image of Pakistan in Prestigious American Newspaper Editorials: A Test of the Media Conformity Theory. Strategic studies journal, 28(2&3), 105-128.
- Khan, M. A. & Imran, F. (2011). Treatment of Pakistani Elite Press about Government Activities against War on Terror: A Media Conformity Approach. European Journal of Social Sciences, 19(3), 331- 341.
- Khan, M. A. & Safdar, A. (2010). Image of U.S. in Pakistani elite newspaper editorials after 9/11 incident: A comparative study of the Dawn and Nawa-i-Waqt. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, 30(2), 325- 339.
- Kumar, D. (2006). Media, War, and Propaganda: Strategies of Information Management during the 2003 Iraq War. Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies, 3(1), 48-69.
- Kundi, A. M. (2007). Politics of American aid: The case of Pakistan. Asian affairs, 29(2), 22-39
- Largio, D. (2004). Uncovering the rationales for the war on Iraq: The words of the Bush Administration, Congress, and the media from September 12, 2001 to October 11, 2002. (Thesis for Bachelor of Arts). University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL.
- Lee, C. (2002, August). News Coverage of the U.S. Attack on Afghanistan: A Comparison of The New York Times and The Arab News. Paper presented at the annual meeting of Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, Miami, FL.
- Musharruf, P. (2002). President Musharraf's Address to the Nation on January 12, 2002. Retrieved from www.forisb.org/CE-019.htmls.
- Ottosen, R. (2005). The Norwegian Media Image of the War in Afghanistan: Peacekeeping or Aggression? Nordicom Review, 26(1), 95-111.
- Paracha, A. S., Imran, F., & Khan, A. M. (2012). Framing of Drone Attacks in Pakistani Elite Press:A Comparative Study of Dawn and the Nation. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 3(1), 471- 482.
- Popping, R. (2000). Computer-assisted text analysis. London: Sage.Quille, G., Gasparini, G., Menotti, R., Manaco, A., Valasek, T., & Bayles, A. (2005). An action plan for European defense, implementing the security strategy. Retrieved from on April 18, 2012. www.esdpmap.org/pdf/reports_9.pdf
- Reese, D. S., & Lewis, C. L. (2009). Framing the War on Terror the internalization of policy in the US press. Journalism, 10(6), 777-797. doi:10.1177/1464884909344480
- Rice, P., & Ezzy, D. (1999). Qualitative research methods: A health focus. Melbourne, Australia: Oxford University Press.
- Riddick, B. (2012). The Bombing of Afghanistan: the Convergence of Media and Political Power to Reduce Outrage. Revista pazy coflictos, 5, 6-19.
- Rose, L. (2002). U. S bombing of Afghanistan not justified as self-defense under international law. 59 Guild Practitioner, 65, 65-75.
- Ryan, M. (2004). Framing the war against terrorism: US Newspaper editorials and military action in Afghanistan. Gazette, 66(5), 363-82.
- Shah, H. (2010). The Inside Pages: An Analysis of the Pakistani Press: The Tongue-tied Press of Pakistan: Comparing English and Urdu Newspapers. The Center for Strategic and International Studies. Reterieved from on February 24, 2012. http://www.pdfdetective.com/pdf/the-inside-pages-an analysis-of-the-pakistanipress-34817.html
- Singh, R. (2003). Covering September 11 and Its Consequences: A Comparative Study of the Press in America, India and Pakistan. In N. Palmer (ed.) Terrorism, War, and the Press,(pp. 27-43). Hollis, NH: Hollis Publishing Company.
- Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Terradellas, V. (2008). Pakistan: light at the end of the tunnel. Catalan International View, 2(autumn), 44- 46.
- Traugott, M. W. & Brader, T. (2003, May). Patterns in the American News Coverage of the September 11 Attacks and Their Consequences. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, Marriott Hotel, San Diego, CA. Retrieved from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p111844_index.html
- Zheng, L. (2006), Newspaper conformity to national foreign policy in coverage of the 2003 Iraq war in The New York Times, The Times of London and The People's Daily (China) (Dissertation). Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL.
- Ali, T. (2002). The clash of fundamentalisms: Crusades, Jihads, and modernity. London & NeYork: Verso
- Bennet, W. L. (1993). Constructing publics and their opinionsÇÂ. Political communication, 10, 101-20
- Bennett, W. L. (1990). Towards a Theory of Press-State Relations in the United States. Journal of Communication, 40, 103-125.
- Carpenter, T.G. (1995). The Captive Press: Foreign Policy Crisis and the First Amendment. Washington, D.C.: Cato Institute.
- Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing grounded theory. A practical guide through qualitative analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
- Eisman, A. (2003). The media of manipulation: patriotism and propaganda - mainstream news in the United States in the weeks following September 11. Critical Quarterly, 45(1-2), 5572. DOI: 10.1111/1467-8705.00472
- Entman, R. M. (2004). Projections of power: Framing news, public opinion, and U.S. foreign policy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- Fair, C. C. (2004). The Counter terror Coalitions. Washington: RAND Corporation.
- Frensley, N. (2002) Framing the Attack on America: Media Coverage of the Bush Administration's Crisis Rhetoric. Paper presented at the 60th annual conference of the Mid west Political Science Association, Chicago.
- Friel, H. & Falk, R.A. (2004). The Record of the Paper: How the New York Times Misreports US Foreign Policy. London: Verso.
- Grundmann, R., Smith, D., & Wright, S. (2000) National Elites and Transnational Discourses in the Balkan War: A Comparison between the French, German and British Establishment Press. European Journal of Communication, 15, 299-320.
- Gurevitch, M., Levy, M., & Roeh, I. (1991). The Global Newsroom: Convergences and Diversities in the Globalization of Television News. In P. Dahlgren, & C. Sparks, (eds.), Communication and Citizenship. London: Routledge
- Herold, W. M. (2002). A Dossier on Civilian Victims of United States' Aerial Bombing of Afghanistan: A Comprehensive Accounting[revised]. Retrieved on February, 8, 2012 from http://cursor.org/stories/civilian_deaths.htm
- Jamali, K, Z. (2003). Statement by - Mir Zafarullah Khan Jamali, Prime Minister, Islamabad, March 18, 2003. Retrieved from http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/exclusive/iraq/pakistan_gov.htm
- Jasperson, E. A., & EI-Kikia, M. (2002). U.S. and Middle Eastern Media Perspectives on the aftermath of the Sept. 11 Terrorist Attacks. Harvard Symposium: Restless Searchlight: The Media and Terrorism.
- Kapila, S. (2002). Pakistan's foreign policy predicaments post 9/11: An analysis. Retrieved from on 08 August 2008. http://www.southasiananalysis.org
- Kasuri, M. K. (2003). Statement by the foreign minister Mr. Khurshid M. Kasuri at the ministerial meeting on combating terrorism held at the un security council, New York (20 January 2003). Retried on February 08, 2014 from www.pakun.org/statements/security_council/2003/01202003-02.pdf
- Kellner, D. (2007). Bush speak and the Politics of Lying: Presidential Rhetoric in the
- Khan, A. M. (2008). The Image of Pakistan in Prestigious American Newspaper Editorials: A Test of the Media Conformity Theory. Strategic studies journal, 28(2&3), 105-128.
- Khan, M. A. & Imran, F. (2011). Treatment of Pakistani Elite Press about Government Activities against War on Terror: A Media Conformity Approach. European Journal of Social Sciences, 19(3), 331- 341.
- Khan, M. A. & Safdar, A. (2010). Image of U.S. in Pakistani elite newspaper editorials after 9/11 incident: A comparative study of the Dawn and Nawa-i-Waqt. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences, 30(2), 325- 339.
- Kumar, D. (2006). Media, War, and Propaganda: Strategies of Information Management during the 2003 Iraq War. Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies, 3(1), 48-69.
- Kundi, A. M. (2007). Politics of American aid: The case of Pakistan. Asian affairs, 29(2), 22-39
- Largio, D. (2004). Uncovering the rationales for the war on Iraq: The words of the Bush Administration, Congress, and the media from September 12, 2001 to October 11, 2002. (Thesis for Bachelor of Arts). University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL.
- Lee, C. (2002, August). News Coverage of the U.S. Attack on Afghanistan: A Comparison of The New York Times and The Arab News. Paper presented at the annual meeting of Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication, Miami, FL.
- Musharruf, P. (2002). President Musharraf's Address to the Nation on January 12, 2002. Retrieved from www.forisb.org/CE-019.htmls.
- Ottosen, R. (2005). The Norwegian Media Image of the War in Afghanistan: Peacekeeping or Aggression? Nordicom Review, 26(1), 95-111.
- Paracha, A. S., Imran, F., & Khan, A. M. (2012). Framing of Drone Attacks in Pakistani Elite Press:A Comparative Study of Dawn and the Nation. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 3(1), 471- 482.
- Popping, R. (2000). Computer-assisted text analysis. London: Sage.Quille, G., Gasparini, G., Menotti, R., Manaco, A., Valasek, T., & Bayles, A. (2005). An action plan for European defense, implementing the security strategy. Retrieved from on April 18, 2012. www.esdpmap.org/pdf/reports_9.pdf
- Reese, D. S., & Lewis, C. L. (2009). Framing the War on Terror the internalization of policy in the US press. Journalism, 10(6), 777-797. doi:10.1177/1464884909344480
- Rice, P., & Ezzy, D. (1999). Qualitative research methods: A health focus. Melbourne, Australia: Oxford University Press.
- Riddick, B. (2012). The Bombing of Afghanistan: the Convergence of Media and Political Power to Reduce Outrage. Revista pazy coflictos, 5, 6-19.
- Rose, L. (2002). U. S bombing of Afghanistan not justified as self-defense under international law. 59 Guild Practitioner, 65, 65-75.
- Ryan, M. (2004). Framing the war against terrorism: US Newspaper editorials and military action in Afghanistan. Gazette, 66(5), 363-82.
- Shah, H. (2010). The Inside Pages: An Analysis of the Pakistani Press: The Tongue-tied Press of Pakistan: Comparing English and Urdu Newspapers. The Center for Strategic and International Studies. Reterieved from on February 24, 2012. http://www.pdfdetective.com/pdf/the-inside-pages-an analysis-of-the-pakistanipress-34817.html
- Singh, R. (2003). Covering September 11 and Its Consequences: A Comparative Study of the Press in America, India and Pakistan. In N. Palmer (ed.) Terrorism, War, and the Press,(pp. 27-43). Hollis, NH: Hollis Publishing Company.
- Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Terradellas, V. (2008). Pakistan: light at the end of the tunnel. Catalan International View, 2(autumn), 44- 46.
- Traugott, M. W. & Brader, T. (2003, May). Patterns in the American News Coverage of the September 11 Attacks and Their Consequences. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, Marriott Hotel, San Diego, CA. Retrieved from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p111844_index.html
- Zheng, L. (2006), Newspaper conformity to national foreign policy in coverage of the 2003 Iraq war in The New York Times, The Times of London and The People's Daily (China) (Dissertation). Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL.
Cite this article
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APA : Safdar, A., Manzoor, S., & Shahzadi, A. I. (2020). Pakistani English Press during War on Terror: A Media Conformity Approach. Global Political Review, V(I), 19-28. https://doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).03
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CHICAGO : Safdar, Aasima, Samia Manzoor, and Aqsa Iram Shahzadi. 2020. "Pakistani English Press during War on Terror: A Media Conformity Approach." Global Political Review, V (I): 19-28 doi: 10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).03
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HARVARD : SAFDAR, A., MANZOOR, S. & SHAHZADI, A. I. 2020. Pakistani English Press during War on Terror: A Media Conformity Approach. Global Political Review, V, 19-28.
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MHRA : Safdar, Aasima, Samia Manzoor, and Aqsa Iram Shahzadi. 2020. "Pakistani English Press during War on Terror: A Media Conformity Approach." Global Political Review, V: 19-28
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MLA : Safdar, Aasima, Samia Manzoor, and Aqsa Iram Shahzadi. "Pakistani English Press during War on Terror: A Media Conformity Approach." Global Political Review, V.I (2020): 19-28 Print.
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OXFORD : Safdar, Aasima, Manzoor, Samia, and Shahzadi, Aqsa Iram (2020), "Pakistani English Press during War on Terror: A Media Conformity Approach", Global Political Review, V (I), 19-28
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TURABIAN : Safdar, Aasima, Samia Manzoor, and Aqsa Iram Shahzadi. "Pakistani English Press during War on Terror: A Media Conformity Approach." Global Political Review V, no. I (2020): 19-28. https://doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).03