PRESERVING DISTINCTIVE IDENTITY THROUGH CULTURAL REVIVAL AN ANALYSIS OF SINDHI NATIONALIST MOVEMENT DURING ONEUNIT ERA

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2021(VI-I).03      10.31703/gpr.2021(VI-I).03      Published : Mar 1
Authored by : Sultan Mubariz Khan , Misbah Shaheen , Muhammad Jawad Hashmi

03 Pages : 24-36

References

  • Aalvi, H. (1989). Nationhood and the Nationalities in Pakistan. Economic and Political Weekly, 24(27), 1527-1534.
  • Ahmed, F. (1999). Ethnicity and Politics in Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
  • Ali, B. (1992). Political Forces in Sindh
  • Ali, M. (2008). Sindh: Khamoshi Ki Awaz. Lahore : Progressive Publishers.
  • Amin, T. (1988). Ethno-national movements of Pakistan: Domestic and International Factors. Islamabad: Institute of Policy Studies.
  • Anderson, B. (1991). Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origins and Spread of Nationalism. London: Verso.
  • Bhutto, B. (1988). National Problem in Sindh and its impact on the federation. Sindh Quarterly, 15(2).
  • Brass, P. R. (1979). Elite Groups, Symbol Manipulation, and Ethnic Identity among the Muslims of South Asia. In D. Taylor, & M. Yapp, Political Identity in South Asia (pp. 879-911). London: Curzon Press.
  • Brass, P. R. (1991). Ethnicity and Nationalism: Theory und Comparison. New Delhi: Sage.
  • Breuilly, J. (1994). Nationalism and the State. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Burki, S. J., & Baxter, C. (1991). Pakistan under the military, Eleven years of Zia-ul-Haq. San Francisco: Westview Press.
  • Calhoun, C. (1993). Nationalism and Civil Society: Democracy, Diversity and Self Determination. International Sociology, 8(4), 387-411.
  • Choudhry, Z. (1997). Pakistan Ki Siasi Taarikh. Lahore: Adara-i- Mutalai Taarekh.
  • Connor, W. (1972). Nation Building or Nation Destroying? World Politics, 24(3), 319- 355.
  • Connor, W. (1994). Ethno nationalism: The Quest for Understanding. Princeton: Princeton University Press
  • Conversi, D. (2004). Ethno nationalism in the Contemporary World: Walker Connor and the Study of Nationalism. London: Psychology Press.
  • Gellner, E. (1983). Nations and Nationalism. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Harrison, S. S. (1987). Ethnicity and Political Stalemate in Pakistan. In A. B. Weiner, the State, Religion and Ethnic Politics: Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan (pp. 267- 298). Lahore: Vanguard Books.
  • Harrison, S. S. (1992).
  • Hechter, M. (2000). Containing Nationalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Hobsbawm, E. J. (1993). Mass-producing traditions: Europe, 1870-1914. In E. J. Hobsbawm, & T. O. Ranger, the Invention of Tradition (pp. 263-307). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hobsbawm, E. J. (1994). The Age of Extremes: A History of the World, 1914-1991. New York: Pantheon.
  • Hobsbawm, E. J. (1994). The Age of Extremes: A History of the World, 1914-1991. New York: Pantheon.
  • Hussain, A. (2000). Peregrinations of Pakistani Nationalism. In L. Michael, Asian Nationalism (pp. 126-152). London: Routledge.
  • Hutchinson, J. (1999). Re-interpreting Cultural Nationalism. Australian Journal of Politics and History, 3(45), 392-409.
  • Hutchinson, J. (2008). National Thought in Europe: A Cultural History by Joep Leerssen. Nations and Nationalism, 2(14), 403-405.
  • Iram, K. (2009). Economic Development: A View from the Provinces. Lahore: Centre for Research in Business and Economics.
  • Jameel, M. (2004). Jadeed Sindhi Adab. Karachi: Academy Bazyaft.
  • Joyo, M. I. (2005). The Betrayal: Sindh Bides the Day for Freedom. Hyderabad: Sindhi Adeeban Ji Sahkari Sangat.
  • Kennedy, C. H. (1991). The Politics of Ethnicity in Sindh. Asian Survey, 31(10), 938-955.
  • Khan, M. A. (1967). Friends not Masters: A Political Autobiography. London: Oxford University Press
  • Khan, S. M., & Mushtaq, M. (2017). Sindhi Ethno-national Movement: Question of Provincial Autonomy. Pakistan Vision, 18(2), 32-49.
  • Khuhro, H. (1998). Mohammad Ayub Khuhro, A Life of Courage in Politics. Karachi: Feroz Sons.
  • Korejo, M. S. (2000). G.M. Syed: An Analysis of His Political Perspectives. Karachi: Oxford University Press
  • Kymlicka, W. (2004). Politics in the Vernacular: Nationalism, Multiculturalism, and Citizenship. Philosophical Quarterly, 54(215), 341-343.
  • Loury, G. C. (1999). Social Exclusion and Ethnic Groups: The Challenge to Economics. Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics.
  • Maiz, R. (2003). Framing the Nation: Three Rival Versions of Contemporary Nationalist Ideology. Journal of Political Ideologies, 8(3), 251-269.
  • Malik, H. (1975). Problems of Regionalism in Pakistan. In W. H. Wriggins, Pakistan in Transition (pp. 69-132). Islamabad: Islamabad University Press
  • Malik, I. H. (1997). State and Civil Society in Pakistan: Politics of Authority, Ideology and Ethnicity. Oxford: St. Antony's- Macmillan Series.
  • Maniruzzaman, T. (1967). National Integration and Political Development in Pakistan. Asian Survey, 7(12), 876-885.
  • Nizamani, K. (1973, April 08). Khalis Adab ke Naam Per Beadabian. Haftroza Lail-o- Nahar, 136(3), pp. 15-16.
  • Qureshi, A. H. (1970, March 02). Hyderabad ke Hungamae: Waqiat ki Roshni maen Haqiqi Asbab kaa Jaaiza. Haftroza Lail- o-Nahar, 8(26), pp. 5-10.
  • Qureshi, A. H. (1970, March 16). Hyderabad ke hungamae: Waqiat ki Roshni maen Haqiqi Asbab kaa Jaaiza. Haftroza Lail- o-Nahar, 8(28), pp. 6-9.
  • Rehman, T. (1995). Language and Politics in a Pakistan Province: The Sindhi Language Movement. Asian Survey, 35(11), 1005- 1016.
  • Rehman, T. (1997). Language and Politics in Pakistan. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Samad, Y. (1995). A Nation in Turmoil: Nationalism and Ethnicity in Pakistan, 1937-1958. New York: Sage.
  • Sayeed, K. B. (1968). Pakistan, the Formative Phase, 1857-1948. London: Oxford University Press
  • Sayeed, K. B. (1980). Politics in Pakistan: The Nature and Direction of Change. New York: Praeger.
  • Shah, M. A. (1997). The Foreign Policy of Pakistan. Ethnic impacts on Diplomacy. London: I.B.Tauris &Co.
  • Siddiqi, F. H. (2012). The Politics of Ethnicity in Pakistan: The Baloch, Sindhi and Mohajir Ethnic Movements. New York: Routledge.
  • Smith, A. D. (1986). The Ethnic Origin of Nations. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Smith, A. D. (1999). Myths and Memories of the Nation. Oxford: Oxford University Press
  • Smith, A. D. (2009). Ethno-symbolism and Nationalism: A Cultural Approach . London: Routledge.
  • Syed, G. M. (1991). Sindhudesh: A Study in its Separate Identity through the Ages. Karachi: G. M. Syed Academy.
  • Syed, G. M. (1995). The case of Sindh,: G.M. Sayed's. Deposition for the Court. Karachi: Naeen Sindh Academy.
  • Syed, G. M. (1996). Shah Latif and his Message. Sehwan Sharif: Saeen Publishers.
  • Tahir, T. A. (2010). Political Dynamics of Sindh, 1974-77. Karachi: Pakistan Study Center, University of Karachi.
  • Veldeman, M. C. (2009). Cultural Nationalism in Late Nineteenth- Century Ireland, A Step Towards Political Separatism? Equivalences, 36(1), 145-155.
  • Verkaaik, O. (2004). Migrants and Militants: Fun and Urban Violence in Pakistan. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Wimmer, A. (1997). Who Owns the State? Understanding the Ethnic Conflict in Post-colonial Societies. Nations and Nationalism, 3(4), 631-665.
  • Wolpert, S. (1993). Zulfi Bhutto of Pakistan: His Life and Times. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
  • Ziring, L. (1980). Pakistan: Enigma of Political Development. Boulder: Westview Press.

References

  • Aalvi, H. (1989). Nationhood and the Nationalities in Pakistan. Economic and Political Weekly, 24(27), 1527-1534.
  • Ahmed, F. (1999). Ethnicity and Politics in Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
  • Ali, B. (1992). Political Forces in Sindh
  • Ali, M. (2008). Sindh: Khamoshi Ki Awaz. Lahore : Progressive Publishers.
  • Amin, T. (1988). Ethno-national movements of Pakistan: Domestic and International Factors. Islamabad: Institute of Policy Studies.
  • Anderson, B. (1991). Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origins and Spread of Nationalism. London: Verso.
  • Bhutto, B. (1988). National Problem in Sindh and its impact on the federation. Sindh Quarterly, 15(2).
  • Brass, P. R. (1979). Elite Groups, Symbol Manipulation, and Ethnic Identity among the Muslims of South Asia. In D. Taylor, & M. Yapp, Political Identity in South Asia (pp. 879-911). London: Curzon Press.
  • Brass, P. R. (1991). Ethnicity and Nationalism: Theory und Comparison. New Delhi: Sage.
  • Breuilly, J. (1994). Nationalism and the State. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Burki, S. J., & Baxter, C. (1991). Pakistan under the military, Eleven years of Zia-ul-Haq. San Francisco: Westview Press.
  • Calhoun, C. (1993). Nationalism and Civil Society: Democracy, Diversity and Self Determination. International Sociology, 8(4), 387-411.
  • Choudhry, Z. (1997). Pakistan Ki Siasi Taarikh. Lahore: Adara-i- Mutalai Taarekh.
  • Connor, W. (1972). Nation Building or Nation Destroying? World Politics, 24(3), 319- 355.
  • Connor, W. (1994). Ethno nationalism: The Quest for Understanding. Princeton: Princeton University Press
  • Conversi, D. (2004). Ethno nationalism in the Contemporary World: Walker Connor and the Study of Nationalism. London: Psychology Press.
  • Gellner, E. (1983). Nations and Nationalism. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • Harrison, S. S. (1987). Ethnicity and Political Stalemate in Pakistan. In A. B. Weiner, the State, Religion and Ethnic Politics: Pakistan, Iran and Afghanistan (pp. 267- 298). Lahore: Vanguard Books.
  • Harrison, S. S. (1992).
  • Hechter, M. (2000). Containing Nationalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Hobsbawm, E. J. (1993). Mass-producing traditions: Europe, 1870-1914. In E. J. Hobsbawm, & T. O. Ranger, the Invention of Tradition (pp. 263-307). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hobsbawm, E. J. (1994). The Age of Extremes: A History of the World, 1914-1991. New York: Pantheon.
  • Hobsbawm, E. J. (1994). The Age of Extremes: A History of the World, 1914-1991. New York: Pantheon.
  • Hussain, A. (2000). Peregrinations of Pakistani Nationalism. In L. Michael, Asian Nationalism (pp. 126-152). London: Routledge.
  • Hutchinson, J. (1999). Re-interpreting Cultural Nationalism. Australian Journal of Politics and History, 3(45), 392-409.
  • Hutchinson, J. (2008). National Thought in Europe: A Cultural History by Joep Leerssen. Nations and Nationalism, 2(14), 403-405.
  • Iram, K. (2009). Economic Development: A View from the Provinces. Lahore: Centre for Research in Business and Economics.
  • Jameel, M. (2004). Jadeed Sindhi Adab. Karachi: Academy Bazyaft.
  • Joyo, M. I. (2005). The Betrayal: Sindh Bides the Day for Freedom. Hyderabad: Sindhi Adeeban Ji Sahkari Sangat.
  • Kennedy, C. H. (1991). The Politics of Ethnicity in Sindh. Asian Survey, 31(10), 938-955.
  • Khan, M. A. (1967). Friends not Masters: A Political Autobiography. London: Oxford University Press
  • Khan, S. M., & Mushtaq, M. (2017). Sindhi Ethno-national Movement: Question of Provincial Autonomy. Pakistan Vision, 18(2), 32-49.
  • Khuhro, H. (1998). Mohammad Ayub Khuhro, A Life of Courage in Politics. Karachi: Feroz Sons.
  • Korejo, M. S. (2000). G.M. Syed: An Analysis of His Political Perspectives. Karachi: Oxford University Press
  • Kymlicka, W. (2004). Politics in the Vernacular: Nationalism, Multiculturalism, and Citizenship. Philosophical Quarterly, 54(215), 341-343.
  • Loury, G. C. (1999). Social Exclusion and Ethnic Groups: The Challenge to Economics. Annual World Bank Conference on Development Economics.
  • Maiz, R. (2003). Framing the Nation: Three Rival Versions of Contemporary Nationalist Ideology. Journal of Political Ideologies, 8(3), 251-269.
  • Malik, H. (1975). Problems of Regionalism in Pakistan. In W. H. Wriggins, Pakistan in Transition (pp. 69-132). Islamabad: Islamabad University Press
  • Malik, I. H. (1997). State and Civil Society in Pakistan: Politics of Authority, Ideology and Ethnicity. Oxford: St. Antony's- Macmillan Series.
  • Maniruzzaman, T. (1967). National Integration and Political Development in Pakistan. Asian Survey, 7(12), 876-885.
  • Nizamani, K. (1973, April 08). Khalis Adab ke Naam Per Beadabian. Haftroza Lail-o- Nahar, 136(3), pp. 15-16.
  • Qureshi, A. H. (1970, March 02). Hyderabad ke Hungamae: Waqiat ki Roshni maen Haqiqi Asbab kaa Jaaiza. Haftroza Lail- o-Nahar, 8(26), pp. 5-10.
  • Qureshi, A. H. (1970, March 16). Hyderabad ke hungamae: Waqiat ki Roshni maen Haqiqi Asbab kaa Jaaiza. Haftroza Lail- o-Nahar, 8(28), pp. 6-9.
  • Rehman, T. (1995). Language and Politics in a Pakistan Province: The Sindhi Language Movement. Asian Survey, 35(11), 1005- 1016.
  • Rehman, T. (1997). Language and Politics in Pakistan. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Samad, Y. (1995). A Nation in Turmoil: Nationalism and Ethnicity in Pakistan, 1937-1958. New York: Sage.
  • Sayeed, K. B. (1968). Pakistan, the Formative Phase, 1857-1948. London: Oxford University Press
  • Sayeed, K. B. (1980). Politics in Pakistan: The Nature and Direction of Change. New York: Praeger.
  • Shah, M. A. (1997). The Foreign Policy of Pakistan. Ethnic impacts on Diplomacy. London: I.B.Tauris &Co.
  • Siddiqi, F. H. (2012). The Politics of Ethnicity in Pakistan: The Baloch, Sindhi and Mohajir Ethnic Movements. New York: Routledge.
  • Smith, A. D. (1986). The Ethnic Origin of Nations. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Smith, A. D. (1999). Myths and Memories of the Nation. Oxford: Oxford University Press
  • Smith, A. D. (2009). Ethno-symbolism and Nationalism: A Cultural Approach . London: Routledge.
  • Syed, G. M. (1991). Sindhudesh: A Study in its Separate Identity through the Ages. Karachi: G. M. Syed Academy.
  • Syed, G. M. (1995). The case of Sindh,: G.M. Sayed's. Deposition for the Court. Karachi: Naeen Sindh Academy.
  • Syed, G. M. (1996). Shah Latif and his Message. Sehwan Sharif: Saeen Publishers.
  • Tahir, T. A. (2010). Political Dynamics of Sindh, 1974-77. Karachi: Pakistan Study Center, University of Karachi.
  • Veldeman, M. C. (2009). Cultural Nationalism in Late Nineteenth- Century Ireland, A Step Towards Political Separatism? Equivalences, 36(1), 145-155.
  • Verkaaik, O. (2004). Migrants and Militants: Fun and Urban Violence in Pakistan. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Wimmer, A. (1997). Who Owns the State? Understanding the Ethnic Conflict in Post-colonial Societies. Nations and Nationalism, 3(4), 631-665.
  • Wolpert, S. (1993). Zulfi Bhutto of Pakistan: His Life and Times. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
  • Ziring, L. (1980). Pakistan: Enigma of Political Development. Boulder: Westview Press.

Cite this article

APA

    APA : Khan, S. M., Shaheen, M., & Hashmi, M. J. (2021). Preserving Distinctive Identity through Cultural Revival: An Analysis of Sindhi Nationalist Movement during One-Unit Era. Global Political Review, VI(I), 24-36. https://doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2021(VI-I).03

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Khan, Sultan Mubariz, Misbah Shaheen, and Muhammad Jawad Hashmi. 2021. "Preserving Distinctive Identity through Cultural Revival: An Analysis of Sindhi Nationalist Movement during One-Unit Era." Global Political Review, VI (I): 24-36 doi: 10.31703/gpr.2021(VI-I).03

HARVARD

    HARVARD : KHAN, S. M., SHAHEEN, M. & HASHMI, M. J. 2021. Preserving Distinctive Identity through Cultural Revival: An Analysis of Sindhi Nationalist Movement during One-Unit Era. Global Political Review, VI, 24-36.

MHRA

    MHRA : Khan, Sultan Mubariz, Misbah Shaheen, and Muhammad Jawad Hashmi. 2021. "Preserving Distinctive Identity through Cultural Revival: An Analysis of Sindhi Nationalist Movement during One-Unit Era." Global Political Review, VI: 24-36

MLA

    MLA : Khan, Sultan Mubariz, Misbah Shaheen, and Muhammad Jawad Hashmi. "Preserving Distinctive Identity through Cultural Revival: An Analysis of Sindhi Nationalist Movement during One-Unit Era." Global Political Review, VI.I (2021): 24-36 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Khan, Sultan Mubariz, Shaheen, Misbah, and Hashmi, Muhammad Jawad (2021), "Preserving Distinctive Identity through Cultural Revival: An Analysis of Sindhi Nationalist Movement during One-Unit Era", Global Political Review, VI (I), 24-36

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Khan, Sultan Mubariz, Misbah Shaheen, and Muhammad Jawad Hashmi. "Preserving Distinctive Identity through Cultural Revival: An Analysis of Sindhi Nationalist Movement during One-Unit Era." Global Political Review VI, no. I (2021): 24-36. https://doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2021(VI-I).03