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AN ASSESSMENT OF THE EMERGENCE OF MUTTAHIDA MAJLISEAMAL MMA IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PAKISTAN IN THE 2002 GENERAL ELECTIONS

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13 Pages : 142-153

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2021(VI-I).13      10.31703/gpr.2021(VI-I).13      Published : Mar 2021

An Assessment of the Emergence of Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, in the 2002 General Elections

Abstract

    Though Pakistani politics is heavily influenced by religion assumed to be the reason d'etat of the creation of Pakistan, prior to 2002, religious, political parties had never achieved effective electoral results. The October 2002 elections for the National and Provincial Assemblies were a turning point for the religious, political parties in the history of Pakistan. It was the first time that a conglomeration of six religious, political parties, the Jamaat-i-Islami, the Jamiat-i-Ulema-iPakistan (JUP-N), Jamiat-i-Ahle Hadith (JAH-S), the Jamiat-Ulema-iIslam (JUI-F), Jamiat-Ulema-i-Islam (JUI-S), and the Tehrik-i-Jaferia Pakistan (TJP) swept the polls under the umbrella of the Muttahida Majlise-Amal (MMA) (United Council for Action) due to the active support of the Army and America. The alliance emerged as the third-largest political force in the country, with 45 out of the 272 National Assembly general seats. Moreover, the MMA got an overwhelming mandate in the KhyberPakhtunkhwa (KP) and Baluchistan, allowing it to form a government in the KP and became a coalition partner in Baluchistan. The present study is an attempt to answer the question, "what were the causative factors of MMA's emergence and whether it achieved what it promised during the election campaign?".

    Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakhtun Nationalism, Religious Political Parties, Election

    (1) Jamal Shah
    Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Government Post Graduate College, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Zahir Shah
    Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
    (3) Syed Ali Shah
    Assistant Professor, Department of Pakistan Studies, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
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Cite this article

APA

    APA : Shah, J., Shah, Z., & Shah, S. A. (2021). An Assessment of the Emergence of Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, in the 2002 General Elections. Global Political Review, VI(I), 142-153. https://doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2021(VI-I).13

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Shah, Jamal, Zahir Shah, and Syed Ali Shah. 2021. "An Assessment of the Emergence of Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, in the 2002 General Elections." Global Political Review, VI (I): 142-153 doi: 10.31703/gpr.2021(VI-I).13

HARVARD

    HARVARD : SHAH, J., SHAH, Z. & SHAH, S. A. 2021. An Assessment of the Emergence of Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, in the 2002 General Elections. Global Political Review, VI, 142-153.

MHRA

    MHRA : Shah, Jamal, Zahir Shah, and Syed Ali Shah. 2021. "An Assessment of the Emergence of Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, in the 2002 General Elections." Global Political Review, VI: 142-153

MLA

    MLA : Shah, Jamal, Zahir Shah, and Syed Ali Shah. "An Assessment of the Emergence of Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, in the 2002 General Elections." Global Political Review, VI.I (2021): 142-153 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Shah, Jamal, Shah, Zahir, and Shah, Syed Ali (2021), "An Assessment of the Emergence of Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, in the 2002 General Elections", Global Political Review, VI (I), 142-153

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Shah, Jamal, Zahir Shah, and Syed Ali Shah. "An Assessment of the Emergence of Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, in the 2002 General Elections." Global Political Review VI, no. I (2021): 142-153. https://doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2021(VI-I).13