THE CRISIS OF GOVERNANCE IN PAKISTAN A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF BENAZIR BHUTTO GOVERNMENT 1988 1990

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2019(IV-III).02      10.31703/gpr.2019(IV-III).02      Published : Sep 3
Authored by : BakhtiarKhan , ArifKhan , IrfanKhan

02 Pages : 10-19

References

  • Ahmad, S. (1989, January 5). Proper Stance for the Opposition. Pakistan: The Dawn (Daily)
  • Arif, K. M. (1994, October 10). A Faulty Political Order. The Dawn.
  • Aziz, S. (2009). Between Dreams and Realities: Some Milestones in Pakistan's History. Karachi: Oxford University Press, p. 98.
  • Chowdhury, M. H. (2003). Democratization in South Asia: Lessons from the American Institutions. London: Ashgate Publishing Limited, p. 48.
  • Doherty, K. M., & Doherty, Caraig. A. (1990). Benazir Bhutto: Impact Biographies Series, New York: Franklin Watts, p. 96.
  • Giunchi, E. (2011). Democratic Transition and Social Spending: The Case of Pakistan in the 1990s, Democratization. Routledge, p. 5.
  • nterview of the research scholar with Begum Naseem Wali Khan. Dated: 09-10-2015.
  • Interview of the research scholar with Chaudhry Amin Fahim, Dated: 28-6-2014.
  • Kalia, R. (E.d.). (2001). Pakistan: From the Rhetoric of Democracy to the Rise of Militancy. London: Rutledge, p. 148.
  • Khan. B., & Ahmad, S. (2018). Government- Oppositions Relations during First Term of Benazir Bhutto as Prime Minister. Sir Syed Journal of Education & Social Research. Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2018.
  • Malik, I. H. (2008). The History of Pakistan. London: Green Wood Press, p. 179.
  • Mehmud, K. (1992). Pakistan's Political Scence (1984-1992). Lahore: Rhotas Books, p. 207.
  • Oldenburg, P. (2010). India, Pakistan and Democracy. Solving the Puzzle of Divergent Paths. London: Routledge,p. 177.
  • Rizvi, H. A. (1998). Civil Military Relations in Contemporary Pakistan.International Institute for Strategic Studies, p. 102.
  • Sirohey, I. A. (2000).Truth Never Retires. Lahore: Jang Publishers, p.237.
  • Talbot, I. (2009). Pakistan: A Modern History. London: Hurst & Company, p. 279.
  • The Dawn, October 2, 1988.
  • The Herald, January 1993.
  • The IJI comprised nine Political Parties and Group: Pakistan Muslim League, National People's Party, Jamaati-Islami, Jamiat-i-Ulema-i-Islam (Darkhwasti group), Jamiat-e-Mashaikh, Jamiat-e-Ahle Hadith, Independent political group led by Fakhr Imam, Nizam-e- Mustafa group, and Hizb-e-Jehad. See for details. Rais, R. B. (1988).Pakistan in 1988: From Command to Conciliation Politics, Asian Survey, 29, pp. 199-206.
  • The Nation, September 30, 1992
  • Yasmeen, S. (1994). Democracy in Pakistan: The Third Dismissal. Asian Survey, Vol. 34, No. 6, pp. 577- 576.
  • Ziring, L. (1990). Pakistan in 1989: The Politics of Stalemate. Asian Survey, 30, pp.126-135.
  • Ziring, L. (2003). Pakistan at The Crosscurrents of History. UK: Oneworld Publications, p. 213.

References

  • Ahmad, S. (1989, January 5). Proper Stance for the Opposition. Pakistan: The Dawn (Daily)
  • Arif, K. M. (1994, October 10). A Faulty Political Order. The Dawn.
  • Aziz, S. (2009). Between Dreams and Realities: Some Milestones in Pakistan's History. Karachi: Oxford University Press, p. 98.
  • Chowdhury, M. H. (2003). Democratization in South Asia: Lessons from the American Institutions. London: Ashgate Publishing Limited, p. 48.
  • Doherty, K. M., & Doherty, Caraig. A. (1990). Benazir Bhutto: Impact Biographies Series, New York: Franklin Watts, p. 96.
  • Giunchi, E. (2011). Democratic Transition and Social Spending: The Case of Pakistan in the 1990s, Democratization. Routledge, p. 5.
  • nterview of the research scholar with Begum Naseem Wali Khan. Dated: 09-10-2015.
  • Interview of the research scholar with Chaudhry Amin Fahim, Dated: 28-6-2014.
  • Kalia, R. (E.d.). (2001). Pakistan: From the Rhetoric of Democracy to the Rise of Militancy. London: Rutledge, p. 148.
  • Khan. B., & Ahmad, S. (2018). Government- Oppositions Relations during First Term of Benazir Bhutto as Prime Minister. Sir Syed Journal of Education & Social Research. Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2018.
  • Malik, I. H. (2008). The History of Pakistan. London: Green Wood Press, p. 179.
  • Mehmud, K. (1992). Pakistan's Political Scence (1984-1992). Lahore: Rhotas Books, p. 207.
  • Oldenburg, P. (2010). India, Pakistan and Democracy. Solving the Puzzle of Divergent Paths. London: Routledge,p. 177.
  • Rizvi, H. A. (1998). Civil Military Relations in Contemporary Pakistan.International Institute for Strategic Studies, p. 102.
  • Sirohey, I. A. (2000).Truth Never Retires. Lahore: Jang Publishers, p.237.
  • Talbot, I. (2009). Pakistan: A Modern History. London: Hurst & Company, p. 279.
  • The Dawn, October 2, 1988.
  • The Herald, January 1993.
  • The IJI comprised nine Political Parties and Group: Pakistan Muslim League, National People's Party, Jamaati-Islami, Jamiat-i-Ulema-i-Islam (Darkhwasti group), Jamiat-e-Mashaikh, Jamiat-e-Ahle Hadith, Independent political group led by Fakhr Imam, Nizam-e- Mustafa group, and Hizb-e-Jehad. See for details. Rais, R. B. (1988).Pakistan in 1988: From Command to Conciliation Politics, Asian Survey, 29, pp. 199-206.
  • The Nation, September 30, 1992
  • Yasmeen, S. (1994). Democracy in Pakistan: The Third Dismissal. Asian Survey, Vol. 34, No. 6, pp. 577- 576.
  • Ziring, L. (1990). Pakistan in 1989: The Politics of Stalemate. Asian Survey, 30, pp.126-135.
  • Ziring, L. (2003). Pakistan at The Crosscurrents of History. UK: Oneworld Publications, p. 213.

Cite this article

APA

    APA : Khan, B., Khan, A., & Khan, I. (2019). The Crisis of Governance in Pakistan: A Critical Analysis of Benazir Bhutto Government (1988-1990).. Global Political Review, IV(III), 10-19. https://doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2019(IV-III).02

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Khan, Bakhtiar, Arif Khan, and Irfan Khan. 2019. "The Crisis of Governance in Pakistan: A Critical Analysis of Benazir Bhutto Government (1988-1990).." Global Political Review, IV (III): 10-19 doi: 10.31703/gpr.2019(IV-III).02

HARVARD

    HARVARD : KHAN, B., KHAN, A. & KHAN, I. 2019. The Crisis of Governance in Pakistan: A Critical Analysis of Benazir Bhutto Government (1988-1990).. Global Political Review, IV, 10-19.

MHRA

    MHRA : Khan, Bakhtiar, Arif Khan, and Irfan Khan. 2019. "The Crisis of Governance in Pakistan: A Critical Analysis of Benazir Bhutto Government (1988-1990).." Global Political Review, IV: 10-19

MLA

    MLA : Khan, Bakhtiar, Arif Khan, and Irfan Khan. "The Crisis of Governance in Pakistan: A Critical Analysis of Benazir Bhutto Government (1988-1990).." Global Political Review, IV.III (2019): 10-19 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Khan, Bakhtiar, Khan, Arif, and Khan, Irfan (2019), "The Crisis of Governance in Pakistan: A Critical Analysis of Benazir Bhutto Government (1988-1990).", Global Political Review, IV (III), 10-19

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Khan, Bakhtiar, Arif Khan, and Irfan Khan. "The Crisis of Governance in Pakistan: A Critical Analysis of Benazir Bhutto Government (1988-1990).." Global Political Review IV, no. III (2019): 10-19. https://doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2019(IV-III).02