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Contents Volume II Issue I (2017)

Iranian Nuclear Deal: Challenges for Regional and Global Strategic Management
Abstract:	Reza Shah Pahlavi laid the foundations of the Iranian nuclear quest in the 1950s by getting nuclear assistance under reciprocal arrangements in the US-sponsored Atom for Peace program. Iran is a signatory of the NonProliferation Treaty (NPT) since 1970, and by their perspective, all protocols under NPT have fully complied. The 1979 revolution in Iran proved a watershed in relations with the USA due to the hostage crisis and increased hostility, which resulted in economic sanctions and isolation. However, Iran covertly pursued its nuclear program, which remained the subject of international debate until the nuclear deal of 2015 aimed at limiting Irans nuclear capability for the lifting of sanctions and breaking isolation. On 16 January 2016, in response to Irans compliance with t ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Waseem Ishaque: Assistant Professor, Department of IR, National Defence University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Syed Jawad Shah: Assistant Director Research, Department of ISSRA,NDU, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Aman Ullah: Ministry of Interior,Government of Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Peaceful nuclear program, nuclear proliferation, the nuclear deal
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).01	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).01
Page Nos:	1-12
Volume & Issue:	II-I
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Pakistan’s Strategic Insufficiency as a Dilemma for the Regional Integration
Abstract:	Chahbahar, being part of an Indian grand design is playing its role for counter weighing to Gwadar Port whereas it also provides India with easy access to Afghanistan and CARs. On the other hand, Pakistans geo-political positioning has been revolving around its anomalous and eccentric relations with various states. The prime rationale for state relations and relevant alliances with states was to maintain harmony with neighboring countries but during world wars, entente meant fighting your brothers war. In this context, Pakistans acceptance by the world was relatively slower and its take-ups in making friends, in the political playland were much tricky. Pakistan was wary with the former USSR whereas the compliance to the US backfired on many occasions gradually made Pakistan wit ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Hikmat Shah Afridi: PhD,Department of International Relation, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Shabana Khan: MPhil Scholar,Qurtaba University of Science and Information Technology,DI Khan, KP, Pakistan. 3-Sobia Jamil: PhD Scholar, Faculty of Law,nternational Relations, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, Malaysia.
Keywords:	Integration Chahbahar, Gwadar, Deficiencies, Geo-Strategic Competition
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).02	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).02
Page Nos:	13-26
Volume & Issue:	II-I
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Indian Response to Chinese String of Pearls Doctrine
Abstract:	The paper explores the origin and analysis of the so-called Beijings String of Pearls doctrine that refers to the Strait of Malacca, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, the Maldives, the Strait of Hormuz, Sudan, Kenya, Somalia and IOR. The paper further elaborated on the Indian response to the Chinese String of Pearls Doctrine by countering through Indian Act East Policy, investing in the Iranian Chabahar port and by developing Indo-Pacific alliance with Japan and the USA. This piece of the paper concluded that the Chinese investment in all these ports, islands and chokepoints are a counter strategy to the Malacca Dilemma and to ensure the Beijing Sea lanes of Communication. The study found that the Chinese never used or declared a policy statement about the String of Pea ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Ijaz Khalid: PhD Scholar, Department of Political Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2-Shaukat : Lecturer,Department of Political Science,Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 3-Azka Gul: Research Scholar, Department of International Relations,COMSATS, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	String of Pearls, China, India, Pakistan, Indian Ocean Region, CPEC
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).03	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).03
Page Nos:	27-35
Volume & Issue:	II-I
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SAARC: An Evaluation of its Achievements, Failures, and Compulsion for Cooperation
Abstract:	This study explains the concept of Association and procedure of SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) cooperation in the South Asian region and tries to find a solution as to why India and Pakistan are initially unwilling to join the regional cooperation, and when and how regional cooperation is possible. A qualitative research method is used to evaluate the success and failure of SAARC. Basically, the idea of SAARC is to promote peace, harmony and economic growth through the cooperation of South Asian states, by sharing the available resources and to build trust among parties and also by facilitating collaboration and regular contact between political leaders. The tensions between the two rivalries have caused great damage to SAARC cooperation. The lingering ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Muzaffar: Assistant professor,Department of Political Science and IR, GC University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Iqra Jathol: M. Phil Scholar,Department of Political Science, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Zahid Yaseen: Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, GC Women University Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	SAARC, South Asia, Cooperation, Failure, Indian Hegemonic Design
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).04	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).04
Page Nos:	36-45
Volume & Issue:	II-I
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Afghanistan in the Historical Perspective
Abstract:	Afghanistan is having a very long historical background. It dates back to 1500 BC when Islam was far away from this region. Different dynasties established their foundations and were ruined away. The paper brings into light major common factors among Pakistan and Afghanistan. It l highlights the past of Afghanistan before the Islamic period and after the arrival of Islam in this region. Especially the historical background which is totally the same among the two states. Similarly, rulers consolidated their empire from Afghanistan to India. The paper also elaborates different dynasties and how residents of the concerned area faced such aggressions with though resistance. Who never surrendered against any foreign rule and gained independence as a sovereign state. It still survive ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Huma Qayum: PhD Political Science and Visiting lecturerDepartment of Politics and IR,International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Zahir Shah: Assistant Professor,Department of Political Science,Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 3-Jan Alam: Research Scholar, Department of Political Science,Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Pre-Islamic period, Post-Islamic period, historical background, Muslim rulers
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).05	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).05
Page Nos:	46-53
Volume & Issue:	II-I
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Jirga and Sharitization: An Analysis of Maraka in District Karak
Abstract:	This paper aims at analyzing the traditional processes of conflict resolution in Pukhtoon society. The institution under study is Jirga an essential element of Pukhtunwali. By using Karak district in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa as a case study, this paper explores Maraka a form of Jirga that dispenses justice at a local level on the basis of Pukhtunwali and Shariah. This study found that the current conflict in the region has significant implications for the institution of Maraka in terms of its structure, composition and dispensation of justice. In most of the Jirgas Ulama (religious clerics) are considered to be an essential part of it. The inclusion of Ulama is making this institution vulnerable to shariatization. A significant number of decisions are taking place on the basis of loc ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Wajid Mehmood: Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science,FATA University FR Kohat. KP, Pakistan. 2-Syed Imran Haider: Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Social Work and Population Studies, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Rashid Ali: Associate Professor,Department of Sociology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Jirga, Maraka, Conflict Resolution, Shariatization, Karak, Pukhtunwali.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).06	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).06
Page Nos:	54-60
Volume & Issue:	II-I
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Geneses, Causes, and Ramification of Militancy in FATA in the Post 9/11 Scenario
Abstract:	The basic aim of the paper is to highlight the impacts of militancy on the Federally Administrated Tribal Area. Strategically the area is very important, and it is situated between Afghanistan and Pakistan. The area also played a very important role in the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Before and after 9/11 most of the militants fled to the Tribal areas of Pakistan to seek shelter. The area was used as a launching pad by militants. There were safe sanctuaries of those militants and thus it was a threat to the integrity and sovereignty of Pakistan. As a result, a number of military operations were launched to eliminate those safe sanctuaries. The whole scenario has had some impacts on the life of tribesmen. The paper is an attempt to investigate the root causes of militancy an ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Khan Faqir: Assistant Professor, Pakistan Study Centre,University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2-Bilal Haider: Lecturer, Pakistan Study, Postgraduate Government College Landi Kotal, District Khyber, KP, Pakistan. 3-Sumbal Jameel: Research Scholar, Department of Political Science,Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Militancy, FATA, Military operations, Maliks, Pkahtunwali, Terrorism
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).07	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).07
Page Nos:	61-71
Volume & Issue:	II-I
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Saudi Arabia, Iran and Middle East - A Dilemma
Abstract:	The Middle East encountering a time of dynamic change, testing the universal methodologies of each nearby states. New challenges, opportunities, and dimensions are emerging for the regional and extra-regional states which are driving their foreign policies and making new alliances regionally. Saudi-Iranian relations are one of the most significant competitions characterizing the vital scene of the MENA (the Middle East and North Africa) region. Both states have frequently carried on as genuine opponents, particularly in the Gulf. Saudi Arabia is a territorial business as usual power, while Iran frequently looks for progressive changes all through the Gulf and the more extensive Middle East with shifting notches of power. However, Saudi Arab has strong relations with US and Euro ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Noor Fatima: Assistant Professor,Department of Politics and IR.nternational Islamic University. Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Sania Zehraa: PhD Scholar,Department of Political Science, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Shoaib Malik: Assistant Professor,Department of Pakistan Studies, National University of Modern Languages Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	ran, Saudi Arab, region, Gulf, Hegemony, Security
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).08	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).08
Page Nos:	72-80
Volume & Issue:	II-I
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United States-North Korea Rapprochement: Averting a Nuclear Holocaust
Abstract:	The situation in the Korean Peninsula has generally remained uncertain since the time of the Korean war. President Trumps proverbs of fire and fury, Rocket Man and now a valuable partner are gradual transformations, which have been appreciated by the world at large, yet fragility and lack of trust among the key contenders North Korea (DPRK), USA and South Kora may lead to strategic miscalculation and undo the process of confidence-building. The efforts of Russia and China are commendable as these are contributing to a stable environment; however, the world is witnessing these developments with cautious optimism due to the impulsive nature of opposing leaders. On an optimistic note, Chairman Kim and President Trump want to move forward for a reasonable settlement. The leadership ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Aman Ullah: Ministry of Interior, Government of Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Waseem Ishaque: Assistant Professor,Department of IR, National Defence University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Usman Ullah: Junior Research Fellow, Humanity Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Trust Building, Peace and Stability, De-nuclearization
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).09	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).09
Page Nos:	81-89
Volume & Issue:	II-I
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The Region of Pakistan, China, and India: Geopolitical Currents after the Cold War Till 9/11
Abstract:	After the Cold War Pakistan, China and India had opportunities to adjust each other according to the geopolitical trends of the time. In the post-Cold War era, there was no Soviet Union to influence relations between India and China. On the other side, Pakistan did not lose its Cold War ally, United States; to make independent relations in the region on its choices. American sanctions would turn Pakistan into a selfassumed path of foreign policy. The resultant regional geopolitical scenario, after the Cold War, may best be explained by applying the theoretical model of Saul B. Cohen- Shatterbelt. The shatterbelt means such volatile areas that would not allow the states to go for friendly relations. The study is qualitative in nature. The data is secondary which is interpreted th ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Khurshaid : Lecturer,Department of International Relations,University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2-Ahmad Ali: Assistant Professor, Department of IR, National Defence University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Syed Ali Shah: Assistant Professor,Department of Political Science, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Pakistan, India, China, Geopolitics, Agreement, Bilateral, Dispute Cold War Region.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).10	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).10
Page Nos:	90-98
Volume & Issue:	II-I
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Dynamics of Interest in Central Asia
Abstract:	This research is an endeavour to examine the dynamics of interest determining the complex political situation in Central Asia. These states have come into being from the trauma of freedom and became the master of their own destinies. The region has energy resources which attract the other countries of the world to get access to them. Many world countries such as Pakistan, Iran, India, China, U.S. and Russia have economic, political and strategic interests in the region. Its geo-strategic location makes it difficult for the Central Asian Republics to ignore it. The article concludes that only culture and history cannot be a bank on for the improvement of cooperation among the nations, but new strategic policies and the dynamics of the modern geopolitical world must be kept in mind while for ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Ayaz Khan: Assistant Professor (HOD), Department of Political Science, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan 2-Sajid Hussain: Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Swabi, Swabi, KP, Pakistan. 3-Abdur Rehman: Professor, Department of Political Science, Hazara University, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan
Keywords:	Central Asia, Pakistan, USA, Russia, Iran
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).11	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).11
Page Nos:	99-107
Volume & Issue:	II-I
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The Rise of Jihad in the Pakhtun Region: The Role of Culture
Abstract:	Using secondary data, the study is an attempt to analyze the rise of jihad in the Pakhtun region. The objective is to investigate the transformation of jihad and the role of Pakhtun culture in the process. The study provides a thorough analysis of the historical background of Jihadi activities in the region, the role of religious figures, the establishment and role of the Darul Uloom Deoband before the creation of Pakistan, and the Afghan jihad and its aftermath after the creation of Pakistan. The study concludes that the concept of jihad has been manipulated historically by non-state actors to gain political authority and lately by the state actors themselves for the achievement of certain foreign policy goals. The study further concludes that although much of this process of j ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Abdul Shakoor : Assistant Professor/Chairman, Department of International Relations, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, (AWKUM), KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Jihad, Religion, Pakhtuns, Pakhtun Culture, Terrorism, Pakistan
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).12	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).12
Page Nos:	108-119
Volume & Issue:	II-I
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The Modern State, the Politicization of Sufi Rituals, and the Local Religious Authority of Sufi Shrines: A Study of the Shrine of B?b? Far?d (Pakpattan-Punjab)
Abstract:	The modern state that developed in the Indian subcontinent after the arrival of colonial power in the region had profound effects on the internal religious-spiritual matters of Sufi shrines. The Chishti Sufi shrine of Baba Farid, in Pakpattan, also heavily affected by the emergent state's policies in all respects. The state's intrusion into the ritualistic matters of the shrine has gradually reduced the traditional custodian of the shrine to a mere ceremonial head of the institution. The process of politicization of Sufi rituals started during the British Raj; the crucial interference in the ceremonies of the shrine came after the take-over of the management and the administration of the shrine of Baba Farid by the West Pakistan Auqaf authorities during the early 1960s. This st ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Mubeen : Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Auqaf Department, Bahishti Darvaza, Chishti Sufism, dastarbandi, modern state, Pakpattan, Sufi rituals, shrine of Baba Farid, sajjada-nishin, langar-khana
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).13	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).13
Page Nos:	120-129
Volume & Issue:	II-I
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Issues and Challenges in Countering Transnational Organized Crimes: Implications on Peace Conditions in Af-Pak Region
Abstract:	Insecure borders always provide passage to criminals for their institution. Borders depict the geographical limits of a particular state and determine its power and functioning in a region. Internal security of the country cannot be assured until its boundaries are not regularized. Countries like Afghanistan and Pakistan having numerous social, economic, and security challenges serve as an avenue for traffickers. A disputed border is waning the bilateral relations and promoting the narco-economy in the Af-Pak region. The Afghan opiate is also serving as solid financial support for the Taliban and other terrorist groups. The existence of persistent mistrust and blame game policy is contagiously affecting the lives of ordinary people. The political leadership of Afghanistan and ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Sohail Ahmad : Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Mahwish Bakht : Candidate MSIR, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad, Pakistan. 3- Inayat Kalim : Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Afghanistan and Pakistan National AntiNarcotics Policy, Cannabis, Chemical Precursors, Drug Trafficking, Opium, Illegal Trade, Socio-Economic Conditions, Transnational Crimes
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).14	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2017(II-I).14
Page Nos:	130-141
Volume & Issue:	II-I
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