Global Political Review - GPR

Recognition by Govt of Pakistan (HEC) in Y category

Email information@gprjournal.com
Contact +92-332-9147-618

Contents Volume V Issue I (Winter - 2020)

Suspension of Article 370: Assessment of Modis Kashmir Masterstroke under Hindutva Ideology
Abstract:	The establishment of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) during 1940-1944 in the state of Jammu & Kashmir paved way for the execution of Hindutva ideology. With the rise of BJP in the center, Prime Minister Narendra Modi abolished ‘article 370’ stripping Kashmir from its special status on 5 August 2019. The socalled ‘Modi’s masterstroke’ is aimed at converting Muslim majority into a minority. The move has provoked widespread public protests in the region, leading to the imposition of prolonged curfew and suspension of basic human rights in the state. This paper would highlight the effects of Hindutva ideology and the impact of the recent ‘Modi’s masterstroke’ on the region. It would also scrutinize the role of RSS backed BJP in creating a ‘life imprisonment’ sit ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Farooq: PhD Scholar, Department of Political Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Umbreen Javaid: Professor,Faculty of Behavioral & Social Sciences,University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	RSS, Jammu & Kashmir, Hindutva Ideology, BJP, Article 370.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).01	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).01
Page Nos:	1-8
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Interfaith Harmony in Pakistan: An Analysis
Abstract:	Pakistan is a religious and Islamic state. The religion followed in Pakistan is Islam with a proportion of 98% being a peaceful religion; it protects the rights of every individual without discrimination of any religion. The constitution of Pakistan also protects the rights of every citizen. In this paper, the researchers have tried to figure out the meaning of interfaith harmony and how state policies and state politicians are playing their role in promoting peace and harmony. Quantitative research method is followed by filling the questionnaires by the respondents mostly from the South Punjab region. The sample population was Muslims and Non-Muslims. In the end, researchers evaluated whether interfaith harmony prevails in Pakistan and nonMuslims and whether they can enjoy the s ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muqarrab Akbar: Chairman, Department of Political Science, Bahuddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Hafsa Yaseen: Visiting LecturerDepartment of Political Science, Bahuddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Pakistan, Religion, Harmony, Extremism, Violence, South Punjab
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).02	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).02
Page Nos:	9-18
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Pakistani English Press during War on Terror: A Media Conformity Approach
Abstract:	The present research focused on how much Pakistani English press tracked the foreign policy stance of the Pakistani government in the presentation of incidents related to the war on terror. Pakistani authorities reinforced war on terror and Afghanistan war but did not support the US invasion of Iraq in 2003. For the present analysis, the editorials of Dawn and the Nation were selected from 12 September 2001 to 11 September 2003. Thematic analysis of the editorial coverage through NVIVO 10 was conducted. It was found that, during the war against Afghanistan that took place in 2001, Pakistani English press did not support the Pakistani governments stance. Many critical themes were noted from the data. However, during Iraq war that happened in 2003, Pakistani English press toed the ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Aasima Safdar: Assistant Professor, Department of Communication Studies,Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Samia Manzoor: Assistant Professor,Department of Communication Studies, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Aqsa Iram Shahzadi: Assistant Professor,Department of Communication Studies,Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Pakistani English Press, War on Terror, Media Conformity Theory, Editorials, Thematic Analysis.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).03	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).03
Page Nos:	19-28
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

The Role of Global Powers in the Prolongation of the Syrian Conflict
Abstract:	Since the peoples uprising in 2011 against the authoritarian regime of Bashar Al Assad and its oppressive policies, Syria is entangled in a long spiral of violent conflict. Though several factors explain the violent nature of the conflict and its longevity. However, the geopolitical interests of the regional and global powers like Saudi Arabia vs. Iran and the US vs. Russia respectively, in this country has been the main determinant of this war. The intervention of the US and Russia in this war for their vested geopolitical interests has brought havoc and disaster to the country. By supporting opposite parties both these states have, instead of creating peace, prolonged the conflict for almost a decade. This paper tries to analyze the role of the global powers in the Syrian civi ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Saima Gul: Lecturer,Department of International Relations,University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. 2-Muhammad Tayyab: Research Scholar, National Defence University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Arif Khan: Assistant Professor,Department of Political Science,University of Buner, Swari, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Power Transition Theory, Arab Spring, Middle East, Civil War.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).04	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).04
Page Nos:	29-35
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Indo-Russian Strategic Relations under Putin
Abstract:	Trust, mutual understanding and compatibility, and common interests in the international system remained the pillars of Indo-Russian relations for seventy years. It brought them closer to each other to cooperate in the areas of defense, trade and technology. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, both New Delhi and Moscow experienced a low-level relation, but since the coming of Putin, relations between the two have taken a new turn. Besides strategic cooperation, the nations joined hands to make policies for better diplomacy, multipolar world, countering insurgencies, climate change, technology and defense cooperation and terrorism. Besides this strong partnership and common interests, Indo-Russia is facing multiple challenges, particularly in the wake of changing dynamics in ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Surat Khan: PhD,Department of Political Science,University of Peshawar, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Soviet Union, Diplomacy, Multipolar world, Terrorism
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).05	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).05
Page Nos:	36-45
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

The Impact of Abusive Constitutionalism on Democracy in Pakistan
Abstract:	This research concerns the constitutional development in Pakistan with a specific reference to 21st Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan. It is widely perceived among scholarly and semi-scholarly circles that the tendency of militarys direct intervention in politics; toppling democratically elected government has been declined for the last many decades across the world. According to the new trends, military interferes in the state affairs through indirect means. One of the indirect means includes abusive constitutionalism that involves constitutional amendment and constitutional replacement as mechanisms for constitutional change. The paper explores whether 21st Amendment to Constitution of Pakistan was an abusive constitutionalism that really empowered military to get a s ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Husnul Amin: Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Shafiq Qurban: Assistant Professor, Department of Law, Rawalpindi Law College, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Maryam Siddiqa: Lecturer, IRD, International Islamic University Islamabad, pakistan.
Keywords:	Pakistan, 21st Amendment, Abusive constitutionalism, Democracy, Civil liberties.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).06	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).06
Page Nos:	46-54
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

The Conditions and Challenges of the PR Industry in Pakistan in the 21st Century: Practitioners’ Perspective and Perceptions
Abstract:	This paper contributes to the professional maturity of the profession by highlighting the problems faced by the practitioners and their professional solutions. The data and analysis are based on structured qualitative interviews of the highest ranked PR (public relation) professionals working as the heads of PR departments in government and private institutions. Practitioners urged to establish Pakistani public relations substructures well-suited with local cultural realities. Practitioners believed that public relations critical role in strengthening democracy in Pakistan to promote democratic traditions and usage of social capital, civil society and public sphere, recognitions of PR as a management function, preparation of a national narrative against terrorism, adoption of ne ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Mudassir Mukhtar: Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, University of NUML, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Salma Umber: Assistant Professor, Department of Mass Communication, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Mudassar Hussain Shah: Assistant Professor, Department of Media and Communication Studies, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	PR conditions in Pakistan, PR practitioners’ opinions, The Future of PR in Pakistan.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).07	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).07
Page Nos:	55-61
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Polio Endemic: Perceptions and Practices from Sohan Village, Islamabad
Abstract:	Pakistan is a polio endemic country as stated by Global Polio Eradication Initiative. Number of polio cases increased in last few years especially in KPK and tribal areas. Present study was focused to collect opinion regarding information, perception and practices about polio among residents of village Sohan. A sample of 100 was interviewed. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS. A dominant majority consider polio is treatable. Vaccination helps to get healthy and, risk increased by lack of immunization. Practices represent that 94% vaccinated their children, 89% cooperated with polio teams at the time of survey, and 35 parents reported that they refused polio teams at least once in their life. Study concludes that awareness, perception and practices regarding sensitivity of the ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry: Associate Professor/Chairman, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan, 2-Aftab Ahmed: PhD Fellow, Department of Sociology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Umer Hayat: Student, Department of Anthropology, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Polio, Polio Eradication, Polio Vaccination, Poliomyelitis, Polio and Pakistan
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).08	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).08
Page Nos:	62-71
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Question of US Hegemony and COVID-19 Pandemic
Abstract:	A key feature of contemporary international politics is the changing nature of American presence on the world stage. Before the COVID-19 pandemic emerged, power of the United States (U.S.) as a unipolar superpower was experiencing change, giving way to multipolarity. For the past three decades, America was the predominant global power, leading the international response to every man-made or natural crisis and calamity. This time, however, the complexity of the COVID-19 pandemic has undermined the American ability to lead the international community in managing the impact of COVID-19 pandemic. By its very nature, COVID-19 is challenging prevailing international norms of hard and soft power. This paper critically evaluates the role of American power, its central position in the i ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Shabana Fayyaz: Assistant Professor, Department of Defence and Strategic Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Salma Malik: Assistant Professor, Department of Defence and Strategic Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Hegemony, COVID, politics US, China
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).09	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).09
Page Nos:	72-83
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Social Media, Democracy and Fake News in Pakistan: An Analysis
Abstract:	In this study, the researchers examined the prevalence of fake news in the social media debates on Pakistani politics and society. The content analysis showed that both Twitter and Facebook carried a sizeable number of fake news relating to the politics and international affairs, military, economy and religion. Though more fake news was posted relating to politics and politicians, fake news stories relating to international relations got more likes and share as compared to other topics. Interestingly, even though the fake news was busted as fake and not genuine, these continued getting attention of people. This indicates the influence of cult following and populism on the Pakistani social media users. The findings of this study support the available scholarship on the prevalence ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Haseeb Ur Rehman: Assistant Professor, Department of Arts and Media, Foundation University, Islamabad, Pakistan 2-Shabir Hussain: Associate Professor, Department of Arts & Media, Behria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Durreshehwar : Assistant Professor, Department of Arts & Media, Foundation University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Fake News, Pakistan, Politics and Democracy, Cult and Populism, Algorithm.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).10	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).10
Page Nos:	84-93
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Emerging Health Security Threats and Impact of Bioterrorism on the U.S. National Security
Abstract:	Bioterrorism fear increases after the deliberate release of biological agents at the end of the twentieth century. Letters containing anthrax powder were posted through the U.S. postal system which produces fear among the population. The anthrax assaults after 9/11 made the nation conscious that the public health system is ill-prepared to administer a large-scale emergency. Bioterrorism issue is associated with the deliberate spreading of dangerous diseases thus how comprehensive bioterrorism prevention measures should be taken. Hence, the emergence of bioterrorism has enforced the US administration to transform its national security policy against nontraditional threats. The article shows how bioterror remains a credible threat and poses substantial challenges to the U.S. publi ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Rubina Ali: PhD Scholar, Department of Politics & International Relations, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Inamullah Jan: Lecturer, Department of Politics & International Relations, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Shoaib Malik: Assistant Professor, Department of Pakistan Studies and History, National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Biological Terrorism, Preparedness, Biosafety, Countermeasures, Public Health
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).11	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).11
Page Nos:	94-103
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

US-Afghan Talks: Myths and Realities
Abstract:	This article focuses on US-Taliban talks in the context of intra-Afghan talks. The talks provide for the restoration of peace in Afghanistan and withdrawal of the US troops from Afghanistan after a period of about 19 years. It also provides for the swap of 5,000 Taliban held by the government and 1,000 Afghan in the custody of Taliban. The agreement cannot be put into practice on account of mutual distrust by both the Afghan government and the Taliban. Though there is pressure from the US over the Afghan government for resumption of talks with Taliban yet no fruitful result has been obtained. The government of Afghanistan is not only faced with threat of insurgency from Taliban but also the ISKP or ISIS. The US withdrawal from Afghanistan and failure of the US-Taliban talks is t ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Tariq: School Teacher, Teacher at Elementary & Secondary Education Department Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	US, Taliban, Afghan, Talks, Security
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).12	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).12
Page Nos:	104-111
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

A New Calculation of Global Leadership: Post Corona World Order
Abstract:	Global pandemic has largely impacted the world political, economic and cultural phenomena with breeding many new components. The leadership has also been in a new face, influenced by new indicators along with existing others. This article found the health management capability, environmental viability, HDI index and intelligence capacities as the new components of determining global leadership along with existing political, economic, cultural and military might. The security paradigm has also been shaped in new face by admitting health threat as the global concern. Collective coordination with an aim to deal global threat like epidemic has been immensely needed. Information sharing, scientific and technological cooperation are newly articulated as the core components of global ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-M. Abdul Aziz: Executive Director, Bangladesh Institute of Islamic Thought (BIIT), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Keywords:	Global Pandemic, Global Leadership, Post-Corona World Order, Health Security
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).13	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).13
Page Nos:	112-118
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Islamic Family Values Depicted in Urdu Drama before and during Cable Era
Abstract:	This study aims to describe the content analysis of televised Urdu dramas before and after the advent of the cable. This research focuses that how relationships between the married couple are depicted in televised Urdu drama serials. The Islamic objective of marriage is examined in this study. This study divided the Urdu drama serials into two broad eras, pre cable and post cable eras, it is observed that in pre cable dramas serials, relationship between the married couple was more positive and loving and more in accord with Islamic objective of marriage. On the other hand, in post cable era, the relationship between husband and wife presented in televised Urdu drama serials found to be more negative, deviating from the Islamic objective of marriage. Extramarital relations are o ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Rooh ul Amin Khan: Assistant Professor, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Yasar Arafat: Ph.D Scholar, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Atif Shahzad: Lecturer, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Infidel Spouses, Extramarital Relations, Married Couple
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).14	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).14
Page Nos:	119-126
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Jirga after Militancy: Traditional Social Justice System in Dara Adam Khel FR Kohat, Pakistan
Abstract:	The current research was conducted in Dara Adam Khel, Pakistan to explore the structure and procedure of the informal social justice system- commonly known as Jirga. The war on terror made it imperious for tribal Pakhtuns to bring back their chaotic lives on the right track to achieve economic prosperity and peace in the region. Pakhtuns residing in Pakistan have been suffering from this tempestuous situation since decades. Terrorism has brought the social structure to standstill. Due to the war on terror, the Jirga system has experienced a serious setback. The Jirga system has served the Pakhtun society as a complete code of conduct in maintaining peace and harmony. The data was collected through Focus Group Discussions, Key Informant Interviews and In-Depth Interviews. Majorit ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Kamran: PhD Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Sarfraz Khan: Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Ikram Badshah: Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Traditional System, Tribal Area, Jirga, Dispute Resolution Mechanisms
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).15	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).15
Page Nos:	127-134
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Perfection and Working Women: Foucauldian Discourse Analysis of a Pakistani Morning Show
Abstract:	This paper explores how the individuals (women) constitute their own subjectivity through neo-liberal discourses in Pakistan. This paper examines the media discourses on perfection in Pakistan based on the claim that such discourses may function to spread neoliberal thinking in society. Foucault notion of neo-liberal governmentality provides a theoretical basis for this work. This is an empirical study aimed at investigating discourse featuring in the Pakistani Morning show (Good Morning Show with Nida Yasir).This paper discusses the morning show in a way to reveal how technologies of neoliberal globalization produce and reproduce discourses in subjectivity. ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Samina Noor: PhD Scholar, Department of Political Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Razia Musarrat: Professor, Department of Political Science, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Ilyas Ansari: Assistant Professor, Department of Politics & IR, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Neo-liberal Globalization (NLG), Discourse Analysis, Subjectivity
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).16	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).16
Page Nos:	135-144
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

CPEC: The U.S. Stance and its Impact on Pakistan-U.S. Relations
Abstract:	China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), a cluster of infrastructure-build-up projects for Pakistan with Chinese assistance was signed in 2013. The Rise of China had kept the U.S. perturbed for the last two decades, however its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) added salt to injury. The U.S. expressed its displeasure over CPEC, its policy makers gradually started bracketing Pakistan with China. At a juncture, when the U.S. was already unhappy with Pakistan due to numerous Afghanistan- related developments, its serious discomfort with CPEC impacted the bilateral relations considerably. The U.S. has been close to Pakistan since its independence particularly during Afghan War and War on Terror both economically and militarily. Similarly, China is an all-weather friend and natural stra ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Nayyer Iqbal: PhD Scholar, Department of Political Science, University of Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Umbreen Javaid: Dean, Faculty of Behavioral & Social Sciences, University of Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	BRI, CPEC, Foreign Policy, Relations, Support, Ally, Project, Politics, Strategy, Silk Route, Connectivity, Commerce, Alice Wells, Pakistan, China, U.S.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).17	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).17
Page Nos:	145-154
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Genre Analysis: A Study of Pakistani Wedding Invitation Cards
Abstract:	The present study has examined the Pakistani wedding invitation cards. The objectives of this study are to conduct the genre analysis of wedding cards i.e. to analyze the moves, its order, communicative purpose and nature; and to explore the micro-linguistic features of the language of wedding invitation cards. For this purpose, fifty Baraat invitation cards, Mehndi invitation cards and wedding cards envelopes each was selected for the analysis by using models proposed by Swales (1990) and Bhatia (1993). The results revealed eleven moves in Baraat invitation cards, ten in Mehndi cards and five in wedding cards envelopes out of which some are optional and some are obligatory depending on the frequency of its occurrence in wedding cards. For the analysis of micro-linguistic features, Bhatia� ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Nazish Amjad: Student, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Fakhira Riaz: Assistant Professor, Department of English, Fatima Jinnah Women University, The Mall, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Genre Analysis, Invitation Cards, Micro-linguistic analysis, Discourse Analysis
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).18	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).18
Page Nos:	155-162
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Status of Physical Facilities and Students Achievement at Public and PEF Partner Schools in Punjab, Pakistan
Abstract:	The main aspiration of this study was to analyze the status of physical facilities and students achievement at Public and Punjab Education Foundation (PEF) partner schools in Punjab, Pakistan. The present study was quantitative in nature and survey approach was used. Multi-stage random sampling procedure was employed to pick out the sample from Sahiwal division. The sample of the study comprised of 506 public elementary schools Head Teachers and 146 PEF schools Principals. The researcher developed a checklist for physical facilities (CLPF), validated before data collection. The result of the study showed that Public schools had more physical facilities as compared to PEF partner schools. The annual result of Punjab Examination Commission (PEC) was taken as achievement of students. The perf ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Arshad: SST Science, School Education Department, Govt. Fazilka Islamia Model High School Pakpattan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Muhammad Nisar ul Haq: Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Development, Karakoram International University, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan. 3-Mumtaz Gul Khan: Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Development, Ghizer Campus, Karakoram International University, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Physical Facilities, Check list for physical facilities, Public Schools, Annual result, Performance.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).19	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).19
Page Nos:	163-171
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Role of FM Radio on Pakistani Youth: Socio-Political Perspective
Abstract:	This research paper is being presented to know and evaluate the socio-political influence of FM radio on Pakistan youth. At the time of partition and inception of Pakistan, Radio Pakistan was the only electronic medium available in the country. Radio has been the most powerful and useful informative/ educative tool for the reason that it has excellent outreach as compared to all other electronic mediums; with passing years it has been turning into a neglected medium due to the policies of sitting governments who have used radio medium for propagation of their agendas and made this useful source of information, an extol tool which only focused actions of government, instead of disseminating education, highlighting different social, cultural and political issues and awareness campaigns for t ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Umair Chaudhary: PhD, Department of Media Studies, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Tanveer Hussain: Assistant professor, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of management and technology Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Abdul Ghani: Assistant professor, School of Mass Communication, Minhaj University Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	FM Radio; Youth, Social, Political
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).20	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).20
Page Nos:	172-181
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Interrogations and Prospective of Science Education at Secondary Level in Punjab, Pakistan
Abstract:	This research was designed to study the interrogation and prospective of science education at secondary level in Punjab, Pakistan. The present study was descriptive in nature and cross-sectional survey was conducted. Study was delimited to Punjab. All the science teachers of public secondary schools were the population. The sample was comprised of 495 secondary science teachers from the public schools of Lahore selected by proportionate sampling technique. The questionnaire was developed, piloted and validated before data collection. Main findings of the study indicated that secondary science teachers have challenges and prospects in science education related to classroom management, internal evaluation system, application of teaching methodologies. It is recommended to train teachers abou ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Nisa Ul Haq: Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Development, Karakoram International University, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan. 2-Mumtaz Gul Khan: Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Development, Khizer Campus, Karakoram International University, Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Mahmood: PhD Scholar, Department of Education, Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University, Nerian Sharif, AJK, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Challenges, Science Education, Classroom Management, Evaluation, Teaching Methodology, Strategies
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).21	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).21
Page Nos:	182-191
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Climate Change in the Mainstream Pakistani Press: Coverage and Framing Trends
Abstract:	Climate change is a global phenomenon; its outcome affects societies around the world. Due to the systemic effects of climate change, Pakistan frequently suffers from natural disasters. The present study explored the press coverage and framing trends about three climate issues (1) Climate change and global warming (2) climate change and water scarcity (3) agriculture and food security. The study was based on content analysis. In this research, editorials of four newspapers; The Nation, The News, Nawa-i-Waqt and Jang were examined during 2011 to 2018. It was census study and all editorials were examined during the period of 8 years. The results showed that all four newspapers highly covered issues of water scarcity in Pakistan and however, gave less coverage to the issue of agriculture and ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Naeem Javed: Assistant Professor, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Abdul Basit: Lecturer, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Tanveer Hussain: Assistant Professor, School of Media and Communication Studies, University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
Keywords:	Climate Change, Mainstream Press, Newspaper Coverage, Framing Trends
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).22	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).22
Page Nos:	192-204
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Media Ownership and Regulation Influencing Production of Prime-Time Television News Bulletins in Pakistan
Abstract:	With the challenges of shifting technology and the rise of social media, the television news industry is struggling, yet news media in Pakistan is still relevant. Nevertheless, audiences are still unaware of the agenda-setting involved. Therefore, this article attempts to study the impact of certain factors on news performance and rundown production of primetime television news bulletins in Pakistan. Through mixed methodology, survey technique was used on a specialized sample of 150 staff from the top fifteen news channels. Through literature review, three independent factors were identified and to predict their impact, the dependent variable of bulletin performance review was formulated. Results were derived from the quantitative and qualitative method. Survey data was inserted ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Henna Saeed: Multimedia Journalist, Institute of Communication Studies (ICS), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Noshina Saleem: Professor & Director ICS Department, Institute of Communication Studies (ICS), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Production, Prime-time, Television, News, Bulletins, Pakistan, BBC.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).23	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).23
Page Nos:	205-215
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Political Stability and Social Reforms in Punjab, Pakistan by Pervaiz Elahi
Abstract:	As a chief minister of Punjab Chaudhary Pervaiz Elahi received national and international fame and appreciation for his liberalism, his philosophy of modernism, for his strictness to eradicate terrorism and to maintain law and order situation in the province. This is a historical study, and the date has been collected through primary and secondary sources. His revolutionary steps like educated Punjab, rescue 1122, traffic warden system, the establishment of an institute of cardiology and children complex, irrigation system, and Lahore Ring road project were his notable achievements. These steps got appreciation from the World Bank and other donor agencies. This study will highlight the political stability and social reforms in detail of Chaudhary Pervaiz Elahi as chief minister of Punjab p ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Tahreem Shahnawaz: PhD Scholar, Department of Pakistan Studies, The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Muhammad Khursheed: Professor, Department of Pakistan Studies, The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Wasim Abbas: PhD Scholar, Department of Pakistan Studies, The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Agriculture, Education, Opposition, Political Stability, Reforms, Social Sector.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).24	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).24
Page Nos:	216-223
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

FATA Merger to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Problems and Prospects for Federalism in Pakistan
Abstract:	Federalism provides opportunity to the diverse societies with the distinct cultural and geographical heritage of such constitutional arrangements that they can strengthen their bond with the rest of the areas of a state. Federalism in Pakistan started in a unique way where its two main regions had no geographical adhesion. The west wing of Pakistan is culturally diverse. People of FATA lived their lives almost for seventy (70) years without constitutional rights. That was the reason after the American invasion in Afghanistan, Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) became the hub of terrorist activities. The state of Pakistan noticed this situation and formed a FATA reforms committee. According to the recommendations FATA was merged in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). The people of the area fac ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Ghulam Ali: Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Government BS College, Chowk Azam, Layyah, Punjab, Pakistan, 2-Muhammad Ilyas Ansari: Assistant Professor, Department of Politics & IR, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. 3-Malik Firdous: Assistant Professor/HOD, Department of Political Science, Government Postgraduate College, Mansehra, KP, Pakistan
Keywords:	Terrorism, Merger, Reforms, Federalism, Constitution
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).25	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).25
Page Nos:	224-233
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

‘Empowered Iran’ in a Complex Region (Middle East): Tehran’s Foreign Policy Challenges and Dimensions in the 21st Century
Abstract:	Foreign policy is a serious module in the lives, behaviour, of all nation-states. Recently foreign policy study has acquired new dimensions as a result of a paradigm shift in Iranian foreign policy. Iran has moved away from began camp follower of the United States to an independent political actor with its independent foreign policy. Tehran, from a loyal U.S. collaborator, turned out to be a stalwart opponent. In this backdrop, the study investigates the geo-strategic importance of Iran in the Middle East and Asia as a whole. In fact, because of Tehran’s natural resources like natural gas and oil, etc., this region has always been the centre of attraction for major actors. But since Iran has changed her foreign policy roles, from western to Islamic, the region has confronted n ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Munib Khalid: Lecturer, Department of Political Science, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Uzma Naz: Assistant Professor, Department of IR, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Sajida Begum: Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Iran, Paradigm, Middle East, Foreign, Strategy
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).26	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).26
Page Nos:	234-240
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Role of Council of Islamic Ideology in Islamization During Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Era
Abstract:	According to the Constitution of Pakistan 1973, the Council of Islamic Ideology is a permanent constitutional body. Its duties are not only to advise the Parliament whether or not the laws are repugnant to Islam in the light of Quran and Sunnah and but also to recommend measures to be promulgated as legislations to promote Islamic way of life in the country. This paper discusses in detail the efforts of the Council of Islamic Ideology in Islamization of Pakistan in Bhutto’s era. This study is historical research and data has been collected through primary and secondary sources. Many important laws have been enacted, and departments have been established on the recommendation of the Council of Islamic Ideology. This article will not only highlight the establishment, importance ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Sajid Hussain: PhD Scholar, Department of Pakistan Studies, The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Aftab Hussain Gillani: Professor, Department of Pakistan Studies, The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Muhammad Wasim Abbas: PhD Scholar, Department of Pakistan Studies, The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Advisory, Council of Islamic Ideology, Islam, Laws, Parliament, Quran, Sunnah.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).27	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).27
Page Nos:	241-250
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Marital Networks and Political Alliances in Baluchistan, Pakistan
Abstract:	Abstract This paper is designed to show the relationship between affinity and political alliances. In kinship ties, descent imposes mutual duties and obligations and is only confined to those who share a common blood. Similarly, affinity ties non-blood relatives through marriage. While much of the existing literature has been majorly focused on descent lines; however, there is a lack of sufficient study on the role of marital alliances in reproducing the dominance of 'tribally influential families' despite emerging challenges to their authority from modern state institutions. Only Stephen M. Lyon & Mughal (2016) have conducted a comprehensive study on the role of marital networks in the making of political alliances among the elites of Punjab, Pakistan. By partially using their theoreti ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Aziz Ullah : Student, National Institute of Pakistan Studies (NIPS), Quaid e Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Politics, Marriage, Kahole (Extended Family), Baluchistan
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).28	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).28
Page Nos:	251-259
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Role of Benazir Bhutto in Restoration of Democracy in Pakistan (1977-1988)
Abstract:	Benazir Bhutto has the distinction of being the first popularly elected female prime minister in any Muslim country in the world. But this distinction was preceded by her more than a decade long struggle against dictatorship of General Ziaul Haq. Aspiring to join diplomatic corps or media as a journalist, she entered in politics under the force of circumstances in 1977 after the government of her father, Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, was toppled in a coup. Gradually, she occupied the center stage in the politics of Pakistan through her sheer struggle against dictatorship and for restoration of democracy in the country. In the process, she was subjected to repeated detentions, intimidation, coercion as well as physical and mental hardships to abandon her struggle. However, ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Ali Shaikh: Vice Chancellor, Department of Media and Communication Studies, Madressatul Islam University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2-Zahid Hussain Sahito: Assistant Professor, Department of Teacher Education, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan. 3-Stephen John: Associate Professor, Department of Education, Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Role; Benazir Bhutto; and Restoration of Democracy in Pakistan (1977-1988)
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).29	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).29
Page Nos:	260-268
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Comparative Study of Socio-Ideological Practices in English Textbooks in Pakistani Context
Abstract:	The present study is an effort to examine and compare the way socio-ideological practices are projected in the Oxford English Textbook Grade 5 and the English Textbook 5 published by the Punjab (Pakistan) Textbook Board (PTB) prescribed for the government, semi-government and private schools of the Punjab province. The content analysis was employed to find out the percentages of categories and subcategories of reading passages and exercises of the prescribed English textbooks. Socio-Ideological statements were analyzed through the representation of patriotic values and gender roles in the context of local and foreign EFL textbooks. The research findings and results make it visible from the current instructional materials or prescribed English textbooks that the Oxford English textbook is s ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Muhammad Ahsan: Lecturer, Department of English, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Tahira Asgher: Assistant Professor, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Noshaba Younus: Department of English, Riphah International University Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Ideological Practices, Oxford Textbook, Punjab Textbook Board
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).30	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).30
Page Nos:	269-286
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Causes and Impact of Law Avoidance and Disobedience in the Light of Mars Model with Special Reference to Laws for Special Need Persons
Abstract:	To determine reasons and the influence of escaping and noncompliance of laws; data were collected through a mix method approach. Questionnaires and focus group discussion from special needs persons (physically challenged, visually impaired), their parents in case of hearing-impaired and intellectually challenged persons, professional law practitioners and employers of the business organization were taken. The result indicates that most special persons and their parents are unaware of the opportunities and laws related to their special needs. But on the part of employers' willful neglect and avoidance of laws is present because of loopholes available for not complying with these laws. Another reason is non-availability of any motivation for obeying laws, whether obedience of individuals or ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Anjum Bano Kazimi: Professor, Department of Education, IQRA University Gulshan Campus Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2-Ghulam Ali Kerio: Assistant Professor, Department of Teachers Education, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan. 3-Ajab Ali Lashari: Lecturer, Department of Education, Sindh Madressatul Islam university, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Law Avoidance, Disobedience, Mars Model, Special Need Persons, Rehabilitation
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).31	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).31
Page Nos:	287-295
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Charismatic Role of a Religious Minority in the United States
Abstract:	This article is about the nexus of Shi'ia doctrine with academia which will justify its positive role for US society. We see that Shi'ia Diaspora has sought the attention of international scholars towards the part of Shi'ism in the twentieth century as previously not much work has been done on this topic. Still, in upcoming years many renowned scholars have put in their effort and interest in Shi'ism, many are from the US, and numerous universities have started working on Shi'ism and what role it impacts on a country's society, politics and economy. Harvard University has also established Weather head centre for international affairs which is engaged in a project named "Project on Shi'ism and Global Affairs". The importance of this area can be analyzed by this initiative of Harvard Univers ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Syed Muhammad Ali Zaidi: PhD Scholar, Area Study Center, Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Shiism, Hussain, Karbala, Nexus, Diaspora, Social Justice, Oppression, Doctrine, Minority, Shiia Centers, Moharram, Ahle bait, Catalyst, Prophet
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).32	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).32
Page Nos:	296-302
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Political Economy of Interculture Differences: An EU Perspective
Abstract:	Economic development is always linked with systematic changes in human behavior, its basic value and cultural change are paths dependent on it. The study illustrates the culture value that converges the EU into a single European value landscape. Current economic growth theories do not take into account cultural variables at national levels and economic life happens in asocial context and it affects economic development. This paper gives an overview of earlier relevant studies on cultural and economic growth and established linkage between cultural norms and its economic outcome from the EU perspective. The paper concludes that culture is ought to play a central role in devising the plan for the future of Europe. The paper suggests some recommendations that a new approach may be allo ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Noor Fatima: Assistant Professor, Department of Politics & IR, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2-Muhammad Imran Ashraf: Assistant Professor,Department of International Relations, National Defence University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Ameer Abdullah: Lecturer, Department of International Relation, National Defence University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Interculture Difference, Economic Outcomes, European Perspective, New Approach, Change of Mind Set
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).33	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).33
Page Nos:	303-315
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Constitutional Rights of Religious Minorities in Pakistan
Abstract:	The constitution of Pakistan defines our country as an "Islamic State". Pakistan is predominantly a State established for Muslims but many non-Muslims have been living here since its establishment. The constitution of Pakistan stands for equality and justice for all people regardless of caste, gender, religion, region and language. Qualitative methodology has been used. The available data will be taken from the various governmental institutions. In this research the researchers draw an Islamic Republic of Pakistan Constitutional scenario. It will not only shed light on the exact image of Pakistan's religious minorities, but it will also explain their freedom to follow their religion's teachings and pursue their customs and traditions. ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Anita Wilson: Ph.D Scholar, Department of Political Science, University of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 2-Samina Saeed: Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. 3-Aziz Ur Rahman: Assistant Professor, Department of International Relations and Political Science, Qurtuba University Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Freedom of Religion, Constitution of the Pakistan, Religious Minorities, Islam, Fundamental Rights.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).34	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).34
Page Nos:	316-325
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Corporate Social Responsibility: An Illusion or Reality
Abstract:	Business enterprises and their policies of conducting business have always been considered as debatable, and another aspect is following social and environmental regulations of jurisdictions in which companies conduct their business-either domestic enterprises or international ones. In different scenarios, companies self-regulate themselves and, in this prospect, environmental conduct cannot be adhered to properly. On the other hand, it has been observed that MNC's increasingly self-regulate their environmental conduct. Experience shows that when the MNC's or the polluting companies faced with strong environmental regulations, they move their base of operations to another country with lower (thus cheaper) standards and it affects that country massively. The same situation when it appears ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Zarfishan Qaiser: Assistant Professor. University Law College, (New Campus) University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Khushbakht Qaiser: Assistant Professor, Kinnaird College for Women Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Regulations, Corporate Social Responsibility, Multi-National Companies, Convergence, Human Rights.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).35	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).35
Page Nos:	326-333
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

An Analysis of Religious, Psychological and Socio-Political Factors Promoting Terrorism
Abstract:	This Terrorism is an intentional act of violence, rational enough to generate fear amongst the target audience or society focusing upon the determination of bringing desired change in that particular society. It has been observed that terrorist organizations may prevail in the repressive regimes that they perceive as sympathetic with their ideology. However, they target the societies for terrorist operations where the basic rights of individual and legal protections exist while avoiding repressive governments when conducting operations. As terrorism is not an irrational act, targets chosen for operation are based on the assumption that after the attack, required results are achieved by the assault. The motives behind the act may be psychological, Religious or political, depending upon the ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Ramzan Shahid: Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science & IR, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. 2-Shumaila Rafiq: Lecturer, Department of Political Science & IR, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. 3-Shahzada Afzal: Lecturer, Department of Political Science & IR, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Terrorism, Extremism, Psychology, Socio-Economic, Violent Behavior.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).36	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).36
Page Nos:	334-341
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Pakistan's Low Yield Nuclear Weapons and Indian Option of Limited War
Abstract:	Since the publication of the Cold Start Doctrine by India in 2004, India had been preparing for launching a limited war against Pakistan. In the face of an Indian threat of limited war, Pakistan had no other option but to go for the manufacture of low yield nuclear weapons. With the introduction of the low yield nuclear weapons by Pakistan with an official announcement in 2015, Pakistan had been able to contain Indians from pursuing the path of limited war against it. This paper has looked into the role Pakistan's low yield nuclear weapons in dealing with the threat of limited conventional war under the Indian Cold Start Doctrine. Firstly, it has explored three Indo-Pak crises with limited war dimensions, which occurred subsequently in 2008, 2016 and 2019 and brought a fear of limited wa ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Farooq Ahmed Leghari: Assistant Professor, Department of International Relations, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. 2-Irfan Hasnain Qaisrani: Assistant Professor, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan. 3-Shaukat : Lecturer, Department of Political Science, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Nuclear Weapons, Limited War, Cold Start Doctrine, Pakistan.
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).37	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).37
Page Nos:	342-351
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

The Psychological Effects of COVID-19 on University Students
Abstract:	The worldwide spread of COVID-19 is inducing devastating effects on the physical and psychological health of the masses. This study was designed to identify the psychological effects of COVID-19 on university students in Lahore, Pakistan. A sample consisted of 125 students was selected conveniently form all public and private sector universities of district Lahore. A questionnaire comprising 34 statements related to psychological effects (including sleeping routine, eating habits, fear and anxiety, social interaction and mental wellbeing etc.) of COVID-19 on university students was used. The data collected through "google form" was analyzed through SPSS version 22. The results indicated that the COVID- 19 pandemic highly affects the social interaction of the students and inflic ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Misbah Malik: Assistant Professor, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. 2-Fasiha Altaf: PhD. Scholar, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. 3-Mehwish Gull: PhD. Scholar, Institute of Education and Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Coronavirus (COVID-19), Psychological Effects, University Students
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).38	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).38
Page Nos:	352-360
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Politics as Morality: A Study of Keats' Poetry
Abstract:	The purpose of the present research is to explore the works of Keats from the uncommon and untraditional perspective, the perspective of Keats as a revolutionary poet fighting for the cause of politics and morality. For this purpose, his selected poems were taken for analysis. His works reveal not only the aspects of Romanticism but also of revolution. Most of his poems plead for political and social reforms in a constructive irony of the upheavals through intentionality. Swept up with the current of revolution and sanguinity, on one hand, he deplores the contemporary restlessness and stagnation, but, on the other hand, he is optimistic about the future, where change and reconciliation were for sure. In this way, the works of the poet present the present and the past in a relati ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Ayaz Ahmad Aryan : Lecturer, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 2-Rafiq Nawab : Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan. 3-Liaqat Iqbal : Assistant Professor, Department of English, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
Keywords:	Politics, Morality, Keats, Poetry
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).39	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).39
Page Nos:	361-369
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us:

Negotiating Peace: A Discourse-based Analysis of Hina Rabbani Khar's Political Speeches
Abstract:	This research paper seeks to examine and analyze the political discourse of Hina Rabbani Khar as the foreign minister of Pakistan. The paper will try to figure out her ideological conception by closely studying the language. The focus will be laid on exploring things such as gender, power, language, and political ideology.Further, this paper is an effort to understand her political discourse on media to maintain peaceful relations with India. Data collection is based on the following research questions. The Discourse Historical Approach,a famous model for discourse analysis by Ruth Wodak, is applied to all the used references in the paper. The study concludes that her choice of words is constructive and positive. Her discourse is directed to create a balanced relationship between power and ...Read More - View Fulltext
Author/s:	1-Shazia Bukhari: PhD Scholar, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan 2-Shahid Nawaz: Assistant Professor, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan 3-Muhammad Hammad Hussain Shah: PhD Scholar, Department of English Linguistics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
Keywords:	Discourse Historical Approach, Political Discourse, Power, Gender, Politics, Foreign Policy, Peace
DOI Number:	10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).40	Details Download
DOI Link:	http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2020(V-I).40
Page Nos:	370–381
Volume & Issue:	V-I
Visit Us: